Biology: Cell Organelles Flashcards

Question

What is the difference between eukaryotic ribosomes and prokaryotic ones

Answer 1

eukaryotics are slightly larger

Answer 2

rRNA, and some 50 structural proteins

Answer 3

clustered on the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport

Answer 5

connects to nuclear envelope | mRNA has blueprint for proteins to travel to ribosomes

Answer 6

involved in transport and a variety of other functions

Answer 7

flattened stacks of membrane bound sacs

Answer 8

packaging plant modifying vesicles from rough ER

Answer 9

large vesicles formed by golgi

Answer 10

extracellular break of materials | contain hydrolytic enzymes that could destroy cell

Answer 11

programmed cell death

Answer 12

makes ATP by using glucose oxygen and water

Answer 13

found in mitochondria | surfaces on which ATP is generated

Answer 14

membrane enclosed organelles only found in eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms

Answer 15

leucoplast chromoplast choloroplast

Answer 16

colorless plastid where starch and other nutrients are stored

Answer 17

store pigments associated with bright colors

Answer 18

contain the pigment chlorophyll

Answer 19

sites of photosynthesis

Answer 20

chlorophyll, carotenes, and xanthophylls

Answer 21

provide rigidity to the cell fro structural and mechanical support maintain cell shape prevent expansion when water enters the cell protects against pathogens store area for carbohydrates

Answer 22

peptidoglycan

Answer 23

connections through which plant cells communicate through cell walls they are the holes in cell wall

Answer 24

movement of a substance from high concentration to low concentration

Answer 25

movement of water from high concentration to a low concentration

Answer 26

difference in concentration between a region of high concentration and a region of lower concentration

Answer 27

transporting materials into cell by mens of a vacuole

Answer 28

transporting large solid particles into a cell

Answer 29

transporting small amounts of liquid into the cell by means of a vacuole cell drinking

Answer 30

transporting materials out of cell

Answer 31

way the phospholipids are layered is a bilayer | semipermeable barrier

Answer 32

found in cell membrane 1 head & 2 tails head:polar and hydrophilic tail: non polar and hydrophobic

Answer 33

stiffer and stronger | decreases permeability

Answer 34

they are involved in facilitated diffusion | they allow certain molecules to cross into/out of cell

Answer 35

need energy to move molecule through membrane | against concentration gradient

Answer 36

don't need energy | secondary molecule binds to transport protein to open it and allow molecule through

Answer 37

doesn't require as much energy | follow concentration gradient

Answer 38

jelly like material in cell | consists of cytosol and cellular organelles

Answer 39

water salts organic molecules enzymes

Answer 40

all of material in nucleus | DNA, RNA, plasma

Answer 41

cell contains nucleus

Answer 42

physical carrier of inheritance

Answer 43

uncoiled DNA

Answer 44

formed in nucleus by coding from DNA

Answer 45

moves out of nucleus into cytoplasm | directs biochemical activities of cell

Answer 46

area of nucleus where ribosomes are constructed

Answer 47

numerous pores allows RNA and other chemicals to pass not DNA

Answer 48

fibrous proteins in cytoplasm maintain shape of cell hold organelles in place

Answer 49

``` function in cell division temporary scaffolding for other organelles ```

Answer 50

``` thin threads function in cell division and cell motility ```

Answer 51

used as storage areas

Answer 52

transport materials in cell and to the outside

Answer 53

protein synthesis

Answer 54