Biology Chapter 3: Molecular Genetics

Question 1

Difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes: RNA polymerase

Answer 1

Eukaryotes: have RNA polymerase I, II, II whereas prokaryotes just have RNA polymerase

Question 2

3’ poly A tail purpose

Answer 2

Anti degradation in cytoplasm

Question 3

Splicesomes are found in the

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What is splicing

Answer 4

Non coding sequences are removed and coding sequences ligated

Question 5

Does siRNA exert transcriptional control or post-transcriptional control

Answer 5

Post-transcriptional control.

siRNA can only bind to other RNA strands NOT DNA or protein

Therefore, it must interfere with gene expression after transcription has already occurred, but before translation. Specifically, it prevents the translation of mRNA corresponding to the target protein.

Question 6

Viable trisomies

Answer 6

Trisomy 21, 18, and 13

Question 7

Acrocentric chromosomes

Answer 7

have the centromere near one end, resulting in a very short p arm and a long q arm, often containing repetitive DNA and ribosomal RNA genes

Question 8

Translocation

Answer 8

chromosomal abnormality where a segment of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome

Question 9

Cell differentiation is mediated primarily by:

Answer 9

gene expression levels.