Biology Chapter 2

Question 1

What is the Abscission layer?

Answer 1

The Abscission layer is a special layer that forms to cut a leaf or fruit from a stem.

Question 2

What is a Blade?

Answer 2

A Blade is the flat, green portion of a leaf.

Question 3

What is Cork Cambium?

Answer 3

Cork Cambium is a tissue that produces new cork tissue.

Question 4

What is a Cell?

Answer 4

A cell is a basic unit of structure and function of living things.

Question 5

What is Cytoplasm?

Answer 5

Cytoplasm is a jelly-like fluid medium of the coll, containing organelles and numerous dissolved chemicals.

Question 6

What are Chloroplasts?

Answer 6

Chloroplasts are tiny chemical “factories” that use light to manufacture food.

Question 7

What is Chlorophyll?

Answer 7

Chlorophyll is a green pigment of plants that enables them to capture the energy of light

Question 8

What is Cellulose?

Answer 8

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that forms the cell wall of plants and is a form of insoluble fiber.

Question 9

What is Cellular Respiration?

Answer 9

Cellular Respiration is the process through which a cell breaks down chemical substances such as sugars and combines them with oxygen to release energy; also called aerobic respiration.

Question 10

What is Autotroph?

Answer 10

Autotroph is an organism that makes its own food using an inorganic energy source; also called a producer.

Question 11

What is Glucose?

Answer 11

Glucose is a simple sugar produced by photosynthesis.

Question 12

What are Guard Cells?

Answer 12

Guard Cells are either a pair of crescent-shaped cells that expand and contract to open and close a stoma

Question 13

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 13

A Heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy from organic sources; also called a consumer.

Question 14

What is a Leaflet?

Answer 14

A Leaflet is one of the small blades of a compound leaf.

Question 15

What are Leaf Hairs?

Answer 15

Leaf Hairs are hair-like structures covering the epidermis of specific plant leaves.

Question 16

What is Mesophyll

Answer 16

Mesophyll is the middle portion of a leaf, where most of the photosynthesis takes place.

Question 17

What is the Midrib?

Answer 17

The Midrib is the large vein running down the center of a leaf blade; the major vein of a leaf with pinnate venation.

Question 18

What is Node?

Answer 18

A Node is a point at which leaves grow from the stem.

Question 19

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Photosynthesis is the process whereby the plant’s chloroplasts capture the radiant energy of light and convert it into the chemical energy of food.

Question 20

What is an Organ?

Answer 20

An Organ is a structure within a system that has a definite form and performs a definite function or functions for the system.

Question 21

What are organelles?

Answer 21

Organelles are “little organs” within the cytoplasm of a cell.

Question 22

What are Petioles?

Answer 22

Petioles are parts of leaves that attach the blade to the stem.

Question 23

What is Phloem?

Answer 23

Phloem is plant vascular tissue that transports food manufactured in the leaves downward.

Question 24

What are Root Systems?

Answer 24

A Root system is the part of the plant that is ordinarily underground, anchoring the plant, and that functions in the absorption of nutrients and storage of food.

Question 25

What is a System?

Answer 25

A system is a group of structures designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism’s body.

Question 26

What is a Shoot System?

Answer 26

A shoot system is the part of a plant that is usually found above ground, holding the leaves toward the sun for the manufacturing of food and providing for the production of flowers, fruits, and seeds.

Question 27

What is Sap?

Answer 27

Sap is a sweet liquid within the vascular tissue of plants.

Question 28

What is Stomata?

Answer 28

Stomata is the tiny opening in the surface of a leaf that allows gases to enter and leave the leaf; also called leaf pores.

Question 29

What is Sucrose?

Answer 29

Sucrose is basically table sugar.

Question 30

What is Starch?

Answer 30

Starch is a mixture of long, chainlike molecules that consist of glucose molecules linked together, manufactured by plants for glucose storage.

Question 31

What is Tissue?

Answer 31

Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular task for an organ.

Question 32

What is Transpiration?

Answer 32

Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from the leaves and stems of a plant.

Question 33

What is Turgor Pressure?

Answer 33

Turgor pressure is the pressure produced by water within guard cells; which causes stomata to open and close.

Question 34

What is Vascular Cambium?

Answer 34

Vascular tissue is cambium tissue that produces new vascular tissue.

Question 35

What is Venation?

Answer 35

Venation is a pattern of the veins in a leaf.

Question 36

What is wilting?

Answer 36

Wilting is the effect of a high rate of transpiration on a plant.

Question 37

What is Xylem?

Answer 37

The xylem is a plant vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots to the leaves.