Biology Ch. Chordates, Fish, & Amphibians Quiz(AT) Flashcards
In mammals, the _____________ turns into the spinal cord.
dorsal hollow nerve chord
In fish, the _______________ turns into gills.
pharyngeal pouches
The _______________ needs to be shed because it is made only of nonliving matter, so it cannot grow.
exoskeleton
The phylum that contains both vertebrate and nonvertebrate chordates.
Chordata
The ________________ turns into the backbone in mammals.
notochord
The ______________ is made of living and nonliving matter and therefore can grow with the organism.
endoskeleton
______________ is found on the outside of the organism.
Exoskeleton
A subphylum of chordata that contains all vertebrates.
Vertebrata
Most chordates are vertebrates.
True
______________ were the most primitive vertebrates.
Jawless fish
______________ are the most developed vertebrates that developed last in evolutionary history.
Mammals
Compare and contrast a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve cord.
Backbone comes from a notochord. The notochord is replaced with backbone containing vertebrae.
___________ has no teeth or jaws but it keeps it notochord.
Jawless fish
____________ is when the fetus gets nutrients from the mother’s body and is then born alive.
Viviparous
________ controls internal organ functioning in fish.
Cerebellum
_________ adjusts the fish’s buoyancy.
Swim bladder
____________ controls body movement in fish.
Cerebellum
__________ controls voluntary activities such as smell.
Cerebrum
__________ has skeletons made of cartilage and tooth like scales covering their skin.
Cartilaginous fish
_________ is when the eggs hatch outside the mother’s body.
Oviparous
_________ is when eggs hatch inside the mother’s body but nutrients are obtained by yolk.
Ovoviviparous
__________ have bony spines and rays that create fins.
Bony fish
What are the characteristics of fish?
- Live in water
- Paired fins for movement
- Scales for protection
- Gills for gas exchange
Have fish evolved from tunicates and lancelets?
Yes
The most advanced fish today are ___________.
bony fish
What is the correct order of the path of digestion in fish?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, pyloric cecum, liver, pancreas, intestine, and anus.
In most fish, water first passes through the __________ for oxygen.
mouth
In most fish, oxygen poor water leaves through the __________.
gill slits
___________ collects blood from the veins.
Sinus venosus
The _____________ is where blood goes after passing through the atrium.
ventricle
In fish, the ventricle pumps blood to what part of the heart?
Bulbus arteriosus
Does the heart directly pump oxygenated blood out to the rest of the body? Why or why not?
No. The deoxygenated blood is pumped to the gill/lungs first to pick up oxygen.
Fish have two ways of excreting wastes. What are they?
Diffusion through the gills and urea is excreted through kidneys.
What are the three orders of amphibians? Provide an example of each.
Urodela - salamanders
Anura - frogs and toads
Apoda - caecilians
____________ is the muscular cavity found at the end of the large intestine where waste, urine, eggs and sperm leave the amphibian’s body.
Cloaca
_______________ is the only amphibian that does not have lungs during some part of their life.
Salamander
Amphibian eggs must be laid in ________________ because they lack a ___________ to prevent desiccation.
Water, shell
Put a check next to the following structures that are shared between some fish and some amphibians.
Lateral line
The _________ protects the amphibian’s eyes.
nictitating membrane
The ________________ acts as the amphibian’s eardrum.
Tympanic membrane
How is feeding different in larval and adult amphibians?
Larvae are filter feeders or herbivores that eat constantly. Adults are carnivores with a much shorter intestine.
How is the heart of a fish different from a frog?
Fish hearts have two chambers and a single loop system. Frogs have three chambers and a double loop system.
Give three differences between frogs and toads.
Frogs have smooth, moist skin whereas toads have dry, bumpy skin.
Frogs live in or near water while toads prefer to live in dry, arid, desert climates.
Frogs jump, toads walk.
Frogs lay eggs in clusters while toads lay eggs in chain.
What does the word amphibian mean?
Double life
