BIOLOGY CH 7 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

The ______ is the site of transcription of rRNA by _________ .

A

Nucleolus; RNA pol I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The nucleolus is the site of transcription of _____ by RNA pol I.

A

rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Bacteria have multiple RNA pol?

A

False. Bacteria have only a single kind of RNA pol which is responsible for all transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Larger protiens are excluded from the nucleus interior unless they contains a sequences of basic amino acids called?

A

Nuclear localization sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 4 things found in the nucleolus.

A
  1. DNA
  2. RNA polymerases
  3. rRNA
  4. Protein components of the ribosome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F: RNA splicing occurs in the nucleus?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is it possible for small proteins to diffuse from the cytoplasm into the nucleus through the nuclear pores?

A

Yes, molecules that are smaller than 60 kilodaltons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does pyruvate decarboxylation occur?

A

In the matrix of the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does pyruvate get into the mitochondrial matrix?

A

Pyruvate is transported through the inner membrane by a specific protein in the membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the enzyme responsible for pyruvate decarboxylation?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the DNA of mitochondria.

A

Single and circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is mitochondrial DNA encode for?

A
  1. rRNA
  2. tRNA
  3. several proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some example proteins that mitochondrial DNA encodes for?

A
  1. Components of the ETC

2. Parts of the ATP synthase complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: Most mitochondrial proteins are encoded by mitochondrial genes?

A

False. Most are encoded by nuclear genes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the van’t Hoff (ionizability) factor (i)?

A

The number of molecules a compound breaks down into when in water.

  1. NaCl –> 2
  2. Glucose –> 1
  3. CaCl2 –> 3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oncogenes

A

Mutated genes that induce cancer

17
Q

Protooncogenes

A

The normal versions of the genes that allow for regular growth patterns, but can be converted into oncogenes under the right circumstances

18
Q

p53

A

An example of a product of a common tumor suppressor gene. Its production is scaled up when genetic damage or oncogene activity is detected, and if sufficient repair is not possible. p53 will cause the cell to die via apoptosis if sufficient repair is not possible

19
Q

Caspases

A

Family of proteases that are responsible for carrying out the events of apoptosis. They have a cysteine in their active site. There are initiator caspases and effector caspases