BIOLOGY CH 4 Flashcards
Hydrolase
Hydrolyzes chemical bonds (includes ATPases, proteases, and others)
Hydrolyzes chemical bonds (includes ATPases, proteases, and others)
Hydrolase
Isomerase
Rearranges bonds within a molecule to form an isomer
Rearranges bonds within a molecule to form an isomer
Isomerase
Ligase
Forms a chemical bond (e.g., DNA ligase)
Forms a chemical bond (e.g., DNA ligase)
Ligase
Lyase
Breaks chemical bonds by means other than oxidation or hydrolysis (e.g., pyruvate decarboxylase)
Breaks chemical bonds by means other than oxidation or hydrolysis (e.g., pyruvate decarboxylase)
Lyase
Kinase
Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from a high energy carrier, such as ATP (e.g., phosphofructokinase (PFK))
Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from a high energy carrier, such as ATP (e.g., phosphofructokinase (PFK))
Kinase
Oxidoreductase
Runs redox reactions (includes oxidases, reductases, dehydrogenases, and others)
Runs redox reactions (includes oxidases, reductases, dehydrogenases, and others)
Oxidoreductase
Polymerase
Polymerizations (e.g., addition of nucleotides to the leading strand of DNA by DNA polymerase III)
Polymerizations (e.g., addition of nucleotides to the leading strand of DNA by DNA polymerase III)
Polymerase
Phosphatase
Removes a phosphate group from a molecule
Removes a phosphate group from a molecule
Phosphatase
Phosphorylase
Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from inorganic phosphate (e.g., glycogen phosphorylase)
Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from inorganic phosphate (e.g., glycogen phosphorylase)
Phosphorylase
Protease
Hydrolyzes peptide bonds (e.g., trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, etc.)
Hydrolyzes peptide bonds (e.g., trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, etc.)
Protease
What is a prosthetic group?
A non-protein molecule covalently bound to an enzyme as part of the enzyme’s active site.
________: A non-protein molecule covalently bound to an enzyme as part of the enzyme’s active site.
Prosthetic group
The PDC contains a __________ prosthetic group at one of its active sites.
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
What the hell does thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) do for cellular respiration?
It exists in the active sites of enzymes responsible for oxidative decarboxylation during the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and Krebs cycle
