Biology C5 S1

Question 1

decomposition reactions

Answer 1

reactions that break down their reactants

Question 2

catabolic reactions

Answer 2

in metabolism, reactions that break down their reactants

Question 3

exothermic

Answer 3

reactions that release heat

Question 4

exergonic

Answer 4

reactions that release energy

Question 5

entropy

Answer 5

a measure of order

Question 6

What type of reaction is cell respiration?

Answer 6

decomposition
catabolic
exothermic
exergonic
increasing entropy

Question 7

two types of cell respiration

Answer 7

anaerobic and aerobic

Question 8

anaerobic respiration

Answer 8

respiration that does not require oxygen to occur

Question 9

aerobic respiration

Answer 9

respiration that requires oxygen to occur

Question 10

substrate-level phosphorlation

Answer 10

adding a phosphate group to a molecule using only enzymes

Question 11

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 11

adding a phosphate group to a molecule in the presence of oxygen

Question 12

efficiency of cell respiration

Answer 12

about 40%

Question 13

metabolism

Answer 13

total of all synthesis and decomposition reactions in an organism

Question 14

During aerobic respiration, oxygen is what?

Answer 14

the oxidizing agent

Question 15

What happens to oxygen during aerobic respiration?

Answer 15

it is reduced

Question 16

Why is anaerobic respiration less efficient?

Answer 16

the food molecules are only partly decomposed and release less energy

Question 17

What are the substrates need to start aerobic respiration?

Answer 17

glucose and glucose phosphate

Question 18

What is the overall equation for cell respiration?

Answer 18

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 19

Why can organisms not release all of the energy from glucose at once?

Answer 19

most of the energy would be wasted as heat that might kill the organism

Question 20

1 gram of glucose = __ calories

Answer 20

1 gram of glucose = 3811 calories

Question 21

1 muscle cell converts ADP+P to ATP at a rate of…

Answer 21

about 10 million molecules per second when working

Question 22

The human body uses about ___ ATP molecules per second while resting.

Answer 22

1 million

Question 23

An average adult needs about ___ kcal or Cal each day.

Answer 23

2200 kcal