Biology C5 S1 Flashcards
Note: soem questions and answers are reworded from Mr. Swavely's powerpoint, beware issues of plagarism.
decomposition reactions
reactions that break down their reactants
catabolic reactions
in metabolism, reactions that break down their reactants
exothermic
reactions that release heat
exergonic
reactions that release energy
entropy
a measure of order
What type of reaction is cell respiration?
decomposition catabolic exothermic exergonic increasing entropy
two types of cell respiration
anaerobic and aerobic
anaerobic respiration
respiration that does not require oxygen to occur
aerobic respiration
respiration that requires oxygen to occur
substrate-level phosphorlation
adding a phosphate group to a molecule using only enzymes
oxidative phosphorylation
adding a phosphate group to a molecule in the presence of oxygen
efficiency of cell respiration
about 40%
metabolism
total of all synthesis and decomposition reactions in an organism
During aerobic respiration, oxygen is what?
the oxidizing agent
What happens to oxygen during aerobic respiration?
it is reduced
Why is anaerobic respiration less efficient?
the food molecules are only partly decomposed and release less energy
What are the substrates need to start aerobic respiration?
glucose and glucose phosphate
What is the overall equation for cell respiration?
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
Why can organisms not release all of the energy from glucose at once?
most of the energy would be wasted as heat that might kill the organism
1 gram of glucose = __ calories
1 gram of glucose = 3811 calories
1 muscle cell converts ADP+P to ATP at a rate of…
about 10 million molecules per second when working
The human body uses about ___ ATP molecules per second while resting.
1 million
An average adult needs about ___ kcal or Cal each day.
2200 kcal
