Biology

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 2

What is a stimulus?

Answer 2

Anything that triggers a change in the environment of an organism

Question 3

What makes up the nervous system?

Answer 3

Our brain, spinal cord and all nerves throughout our bodies

Question 4

In what order does your body respond to a stimulus?

Answer 4

Stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, co-ordinator, motor neurone, effector, response

Question 5

How are reflexes faster than normal responses?

Answer 5

Reflexes reduce the number of synapses they pass and avoid the brain

Question 6

Why are reflexes important?

Answer 6

Reflexes help to keep us safe and protect our bodies from things that can harm us

Question 7

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 7

A chemical that is released by a synapse

Question 8

Why do we have internal receptors?

Answer 8

To monitor the environment inside our body and keep us at our optimum

Question 9

What is the stimulus for the eyes?

Answer 9

Light

Question 10

What is the stimulus for the skin?

Answer 10

Changes in temperature or pressure

Question 11

What is a receptor?

Answer 11

Cells that detect changes in the internal or external environment

Question 12

What is a co-ordinator?

Answer 12

Receive and process information from the receptor then send signals and coordinate the response

Question 13

What is an effector?

Answer 13

Muscles or glands that bring about the response

Question 14

What are the three main types of nerves?

Answer 14

Sensory nerve, relay nerve, motor nerve

Question 15

What experiment can be used to measure reaction time?

Answer 15

Ruler drop test

Question 16

What do animals compete for?

Answer 16

Sex, food, shelter, water

Question 17

What is it called when animals compete with members of the same species?

Answer 17

Intraspecific competition

Question 18

What is it called when animals compete with members of a different species?

Answer 18

Interspecific competition

Question 19

In what ways do male animals compete for females?

Answer 19

Fight, display themselves or dance.

Question 20

What is an allele?

Answer 20

Variant form of a gene that occurs at a specific location in the chromosome

Question 21

What is a gene?

Answer 21

A section of dna which controls part of a cells chemistry

Question 22

What is homologous?

Answer 22

A term that describes having the same relation, relative position, or structure

Question 23

What is heterozygous?

Answer 23

A term that describes having two different versions of the same gene

Question 24

What is a phenotype?

Answer 24

A set of observable characteristics or traits in an organism, such as its physical, biochemical, or behavioural traits

Question 25

What is a genotype?

Answer 25

The genetic constitution of an individual organism

Question 26

What does recessive mean?

Answer 26

Heritable characteristics controlled by genes which are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents

Question 27

What does dominant mean?

Answer 27

A dominant trait or gene, only need one parent to have this gene for it to be passed on

Question 28

What is a gamete?

Answer 28

A mature haploid male of female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote

Question 29

What does codominant mean?

Answer 29

A type of inheritance in which two alleles of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual

Question 30

What is mutation?

Answer 30

A random change in the DNA structure of a gene or chromosome

Question 31

What is variation?

Answer 31

The difference between individuals of the same species, caused by genetic and environmental factors