biological molecules 🥑 Flashcards
what chemical elements are present in proteins?
C,H,O,N,S (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur)
what chemical elements are present in carbohydrates?
C,H,O (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)
what chemical elements are present in lipids?
C,H,O (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)
what is the monomer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharide (simple sugars)
what is the monomer of proteins?
amino acids
what is the monomer of lipids?
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
what are 2 examples of carbohydrates?
glucose
starch
what are 2 examples of proteins?
enzymes
antibodies
what are 2 examples of lipids?
fats
oils
what is the method for testing the presence of glucose?
- add Benedict’s solution to the food and boil in a water bath.
- negative = blue
- positive = brick red
what is the method for testing the presence of starch?
- add iodine reagent to the food
- negative = yellow/brown
- positive = blue/black
what is the method for testing the presence of protein?
- add Biuret reagent to the food.
- negative = blue
- positive = lilac/purple
what is the method for testing the presence of lipids?
- add ethanol to the food and add water.
- negative = colourless
- positive = milky white emulsion
what is the function of an enzyme?
biological catalysts in metabolic reactions. they reduce the activation energy required for a reaction to take place.
what is a catalyst?
substance that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed by the reaction.
