balanced diet 🍓

Question 1

What is a balanced diet (and why is it important)?

Answer 1

A balanced diet means eating the right types of food in the right amounts. This provides your body with substances in the correct proportions to keep you healthy.

Question 2

What food types are included in a balanced diet?

Answer 2

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Lipids (fats and oils)
• Vitamins and minerals
• Fibre
• Water

Question 3

What foods can carbohydrates be found in?

Answer 3

Pasta, rice, potato, sugary drinks.

Question 4

What foods can protein be found in?

Answer 4

Fish, eggs, red meat, chicken, lentils.

Question 5

What foods can lipids be found in?

Answer 5

Nuts, cheese, oils, avocado.

Question 6

What is the function of carbohydrates in the body?

Answer 6

To provide energy.

Question 7

What is the function of proteins in the body?

Answer 7

Growth and repair.

Question 8

What is the function of lipids in the body?

Answer 8

• To provide insulation
• Protect organs from shock/damage.
• Making cell membranes
• Providing energy.

Question 9

What are the health issues if someone was to eat too many carbohydrates?

Answer 9

Obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Question 10

What are the health issues if someone was to eat to little proteins?

Answer 10

Lead to a disease called Kwashiorkor (can give you a pot belly).

Question 11

What are the health issues if someone was to eat too many lipids?

Answer 11

• Heart disease
• Strokes
• Obesity
• Joint damage.

Question 12

What is the function of fibre?

Answer 12

Fibre is needed to prevent constipation in the digestive system as it helps the movement of food.

Question 13

What is water needed for?

Answer 13

Water is needed for cells to function.

Question 14

What happens if you do not consume enough vitamins and minerals?

Answer 14

It may lead to deficiency health problems.

Question 15

What foods can vitamin A be found in?

Answer 15

Green vegetables and dairy products.

Question 16

What foods can vitamin C be found in?

Answer 16

Citrus fruit, strawberries, and sprouts.

Question 17

What foods can vitamin D be found in?

Answer 17

Fish liver oils, created from sunlight.

Question 18

What is the function of vitamin A in the body?

Answer 18

Makes a chemical which works in the eye to help us see in dim light.

Question 19

What is the function of vitamin C in the body?

Answer 19

Helps join cells together to make tissues.

Question 20

What is the function of vitamin D in the body?

Answer 20

Helps bones to absorb calcium.

Question 21

What foods can calcium be found in?

Answer 21

Dairy products.

Question 22

What foods can iron be found in?

Answer 22

Red meat and green leafy veg.

Question 23

What is the function of calcium in the body?

Answer 23

Strengthens bones and teeth.

Question 24

What is the function of iron in the body?

Answer 24

Iron is used to make haemoglobin (in red blood cells).

Question 25

What does a calcium deficiency lead to?

Answer 25

RICKETS.

Question 26

What does an iron deficiency lead to?

Answer 26

ANAEMIA

Question 27

What does a **vitamin D** deficiency lead to?

Answer 27

RICKETS.

Question 28

What does a **vitamin A** deficiency lead to?

Answer 28

NIGHT BLINDNESS.

Question 29

What does a **vitamin C** deficiency lead to?

Answer 29

SCURVY.

Question 30

What do athletes and pregnant women require more of and why?

Answer 30

They require a **higher energy intake** than the average person because they **respire more.**

Question 31

What vitamin and mineral are very important for children and why?

Answer 31

**Calcium and Vitamin D** because children are still **growing** and their **bones are still developing.**

Question 32

What do females require more of than males and why?

Answer 32

Females require more **iron** than males because they lose excess blood during menstruation.

Question 33

What piece of equipment improves the accuracy of the energy value and why? (*3* reasons)

Answer 33

A calorimeter. It supplies: - oxygen to help burning - has stirrers to distribute the heat (more accurate temperature reading). - is enclosed and insulated to prevent heat loss.

Question 34

What is the formula for measuring the energy content in food?

Answer 34

Energy released from food per gram (J) = (mass of water (g) x temperature rise (‘C) x 4.2) ÷ mass of food sample (g).

Question 35

What is the procedure you have to do when measuring the energy content in food?

Answer 35

- Measure the mass of the object. - Burn it completely, using heat energy (ie. from a bunsen burner) to heat a known volume of water in a boiling tube. - Measure the increase in temperature of the water. - Apply the formula: Energy released from food per gram (J) = (mass of water (g) x temperature rise (‘C) x 4.2) ÷ mass of food sample (g).

Question 36

What is the function of dietary fibre?

Answer 36

- Helps your digestive system to process food. - Makes you feel fuller for longer so it controls your appetite.

Question 37

What are some examples of food with dietary fibre?

Answer 37

Plant based foods and bran, brown rice, lentils, oats, wholewheat/wholegrain.

Question 38

Energy is essential for life. What body processes can it fuel?

Answer 38

- Maintaining body temperature - Heart beating - Muscle contraction - Growth - Organ functioning.

Question 39

What determines the amount of energy needed by an individual?

Answer 39

Age, gender, body size, and physical activity levels.