Biological molecules 1: Lipids Flashcards
What are triglycerides
A type of lipid that contains one molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What are fatty acid tails made of
They are made of hydrocarbons
What bond holds together the glycerol to the fatty acids
Ester linkage/ Ester bonds
What is the R variable in fatty acids
The different hydrocarbon structures
What are the two types of fatty acids
Unsaturated and saturated
What is the structure of an unsaturated fatty acid
There is at least one double bond between adjacent carbon atoms
What is the structure of an saturated fatty acid
A saturated fatty acid has no carbon carbon double bond in its structure
Where are phospholipid found
They are found in cell membranes
How is the structure of triglycerides related to their function
Long hydrocarbon tails contain a lot of energy - which releases a lot of energy during hydrolysis
Insoluble meaning that it will not effect water potential
In triglycerides what group in glycerol reacts with other on the fatty acids
The hydroxyl group
How is the structure of the phospholipids related to their function
Their heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic form a double layer with the heads facing outwards - only allowing small non-polar insoluble substances (due to hydrophobic centre)
What part of an organelle does the phospholipid made up
Plasma membrane
What are phospholipids made of
Two fatty acids
One glycerol
One phosphate group
Is the phosphate group in phospholipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Are the fatty acids in phospholipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic
Hydrophobic
