Biological Development Throughout The Lifespan

Question 0

Name three changes in the areas of development

Answer 0

Biological development, cognitive development, and psychosocial development

Question 1

Maturation

Answer 1

The term used to describe a genetically programmed biological plan of development that is relatively independent of experience

Question 2

How many chromosomes are found in the nucleus of each cell in the human body?

Answer 2

46

Question 3

How are chromosomes arranged?

Answer 3

In pairs.

Question 4

22 of these pairs of chromosomes are called…

Answer 4

Autosomes

Question 5

In normal females, the sex chromosome pair is…

Answer 5

XX

Question 6

In normal males the sex chromosome pair is?

Answer 6

XY

Question 7

Biological patents pass on one set of how many chromosomes and what?

Answer 7

23 chromosomes in each sperm cell or ovum

Question 8

Which parent is the determining chromosomes for sex?

Answer 8

The father because he can pass either the X or a Y chromosome and each sperm cell

Question 9

Zygote

Answer 9

The cell that is formed following conception after the sperm penetrates the ovum

Question 10

Someone who inherence a dominant gene recessive gene pair is called a

Answer 10

Carrier

Question 11

A carrier can pass what to their offspring?

Answer 11

Either a dominant gene or a recessive gene

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

Term used to describe all of the traits carried in a person’s genetic material, including recessive traits

Question 13

Phenotype

Answer 13

The characteristics that are actually expressed in a person

Question 14

What is Polygenetic inheritance?

Answer 14

When multiple genes work together to produce a treat

Question 15

What is the endocrine system responsible for?

Answer 15

Managing hormone levels in the bloodstream

Question 16

What gland is known as the master gland?

Answer 16

The pituitary gland because it causes other glands to secrete hormones

Question 17

What gland controls the pituitary gland?

Answer 17

The hypothalamus

Question 18

Growth hormone comes from where and does what?

Answer 18

Growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland which stimulates physical growth and development

Question 19

Androgens

Answer 19

Also known as sex hormones, and control the development of sex organs as well as secondary sex characteristics

Question 20

Ovaries produce what?

Answer 20

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 21

The first trimester is also known as this and last for how long?

Answer 21

Germinal., And lasts for 13 weeks at the beginning of the pregnancy

Question 22

What is the second trimester of pregnancy and how long does it last?

Answer 22

It is known as the period of the embryo, and last from the 14th to the 27th week

Question 23

The third trimester is called…, And lasts how long?

Answer 23

The third trimester is known as the period of the fetus, and lasts from the 28th week until birth

Question 24

How long does the average pregnancy last?

Answer 24

270 days or 40 weeks

Question 25

List the two types of twins

Answer 25

Monozygotic (identical twins), and dizygotic (fraternal twins)

Question 26

What tests are a available to screen for abnormalities in prenatal development

Answer 26

Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling

Question 27

What is amniocentesis?

Answer 27

Testing fetal cells and amniotic fluid removed from the amniotic sac in the uterus for indicators of genetic abnormalities. Cannot be done until the 16th week of pregnancy.

Question 28

Chorionic villus sampling

Answer 28

Can be done as early as the sixth week of pregnancy. Involves tiny hair cells of the membrane surrounding the fetus are extracted via a small tube inserted into the vagina. The hair cells contain genetic material from the fetus

Question 29

Anoxia

Answer 29

A condition caused by reduced oxygen flow to the fetus during birth

Question 30

Apgar scale

Answer 30

Developed as a quick way to assess the overall condition of the Neo Nate immediately after birth and again five minutes after the birth

Question 31

Plasticity

Answer 31

Neural circuits change over time as a result of stimulation

Question 32

Pruning

Answer 32

New circuits are formed an unused or faulty circuits are lost

Question 33

What does the left hemisphere of the brain generally control?

Answer 33

Language processing

Question 34

Spatial processing is controlled by one side or hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 34

The right hemisphere

Question 35

The specialization of the hemispheres of the brain is referred to as

Answer 35

Lateralization

Question 36

Moro

Answer 36

Extension of arms when an infant feels a loss of support

Question 37

Babinski

Answer 37

Spreading the toes when the bottom of the foot is stimulated

Question 38

Grasping

Answer 38

Squeezing any object placed in the hands

Question 39

Rooting

Answer 39

Turning toward an object brushing the cheek and sucking

Question 40

Proximodistal principle

Answer 40

This development describes the center outward direction of motor development

Question 41

Cephalocaudal principle

Answer 41

Describes the head to foot direction of motor development

Question 42

What part of the body do children tend to control first?

Answer 42

Upper body portions

Question 43

Gross motor skills

Answer 43

Skills required the coronation of large body parts

Question 44

Fine motor skills

Answer 44

Involves small, coordinated movements of the hands, fingers, or toes

Question 45

In males, what hormones are secreted in larger quantities to stimulate body size increases and skeletal maturity?

Answer 45

GH and thyroxin

Question 46

In females, what organ secretes an increased amount of estrogen which in turn triggers the production of GH and leads to the female growth spurt?

Answer 46

Ovaries

Question 47

When are females generally thought to have reached puberty?

Answer 47

Menarche, the first menstrual cycle

Question 48

How is obesity defined?

Answer 48

Obesity is defined as weighing 20% more than the average for people of similar age, height, body type, and sex

Question 49

Climacteric

Answer 49

Also known as menopause

Question 50

List and added bonus in females due to the hormone estrogen

Answer 50

Estrogen helps protect against plaque buildup on the walls of arteries and helps maintain good bone mass density