Bioenergetics [CAC]

Question 1

Acetyl-CoA formation inputs and outputs

Answer 1

2Pyruvate + 2NAD+ + Coenzyme A

2CO2, 2NADH, 2H+, 2Acetyl-CoA

Question 2

Citric acid cycle inputs

Answer 2

Double of:

Acetyl CoA, 3NAD+, ADP, Pi, FAD

Question 3

Citric acid cycle outputs

Answer 3

Double of
CoA
2CO2
3NADH, 3H+
ATP
FADH2

Question 4

Acetyl coA formation

Answer 4

Pyruvate —-> acetyl coA

1. Remove CO2 with transport protein.
2. Add Coenzyme A
3. Change NAD+ to NADH + H+

Question 5

Name all 10 structures in the CAC clockwise

Answer 5

Pyruvate, Acetyl-Coa, Citrate, Isocitrate, a-keto-glutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, oxaloacetate.

Question 6

Where in the CAC is NADH + H+ made?

Answer 6

Malate —> Oxaloacetate
Isocitrate —-> a-keto-glutarate
A-ketoglutarate —> Succinyl-CoA

Question 7

Where in the CAC is CO2 gained?

Answer 7

Isocitrate —-> a-keto-glutarate

A-ketoglutarate —> Succinyl-CoA

Question 8

Where in the CAC is FADH2 gained?

Answer 8

Succinate —> Fumarate

Question 9

Where in the CAC is ATP gained?

Answer 9

Succinyl-CoA —-> Succinate

Question 10

What inhibits Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA?

Answer 10

ATP, Acetyl-CoA, NADH

Question 11

What inhibits and promotes isocitrate—-> a-keto?

Answer 11

ATP, NADH

ADP

Question 12

What inhibits a-keto —-> Succinyl-CoA?

Answer 12

ATP, Succinyl-CoA, NADH

Question 13

What are the two key regulatory enzymes in the CAC?

Answer 13

IDH

aKDH

Question 14

What step does the poison malonate inhibit?

Answer 14

Succinate dehydrogenase

Question 15

What would happen if arsenic was added to respiration?

Answer 15

Mitochondria would be poisoned so everything upstream would accumulate.