Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is the word equation for Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + water-> Glucose + oxygen

Question 2

What is the symbol equation for Photosynthesis?

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 3

How do plants use glucose?

Answer 3

• for respiration (energy to convert to other substances ie starch)
• making cellulose (strong cell walls)
• making amino acids (proteins)
• stored as oils or fats (seeds)
• stored as starch (roots, stems, leaves, good for storing)

Question 4

What are Limiting factors affecting Photosynthesis?

Answer 4

• intensity of light (at night)
• concentration of CO2 (if other factors aren’t limiting)
• Temperature (winter)
• Chlorophyll (disease)

Question 5

What does being a Limiting factor mean?

Answer 5

stopping photosynthesis from happening at a faster rate

Question 6

What is the inverse square law?

Answer 6

light intensity is inversely proportional to distance ^2

Question 7

How can you artificially create the ideal conditions for farming?

Answer 7

• grow plants in a greenhouse
  -traps sun’s heat + temperature (heater in winter, shade in summer)
• light (artificial light)
• increase level of CO2 (paraffin heater)
• free from pests + diseases, add fertilisers to soil
• costs money, needs to balance factors, else wastes money

Question 8

What is respiration?

Answer 8

The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose, happens in every cell

Question 9

How do organisms use the energy transferred by respiration?

Answer 9

• build up larger molecules from smaller ones (proteins from amino acids)
• muscle contraction
• keep steady body temp

Question 10

What is metabolism?

Answer 10

the sum of all chemical reactions that happen in a cell or the body

Question 11

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

Respiration using oxygen
Most efficient to transfer energy from glucose
happens in mitochondria

Question 12

What is Anerobic respiration?

Answer 12

Incomplete breakdown of glucose, making lactic acid

Question 12

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 12

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 13

What is the word equation for Anerobic respiration?

Answer 13

Glucose-> lactic acid
doesn’t transfer as much energy, glucose isn’t fully oxidised, only useful in emergencies (during exercise)

Question 14

What is the word equation for anerobic respiration in plants + yeast?

Answer 14

Glucose-> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 15

What is anerobic respiration in yeast cells known as?

Answer 15

Fermentation
used for bread, alcoholic drinks