B10 The Human Nervous System (unfinished) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the Cornea?

A

Transparent layer at the front of the eye which bends light into the eye

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2
Q

What is the function of the Ciliary Muscles?

A

Changes the shape of the lens by relaxing or contracting

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3
Q

What is the function of the Retina?

A

Contains receptor cells which are sensitive to light intensity and colour

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4
Q

What is the function of Rods and Cones?

A

Rods- sensitive to light intensity
Cones- sensitive to colour

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5
Q

What is the function of the Suspensory Ligaments?

A

Connect the lens to the ciliary muscles

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6
Q

What is the function of the Optic Nerve?

A

Carries impulses from receptor cells on the retina to the bran

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7
Q

What is the function of the Pupil?

A

Hole in the middle of the iris which light enters the eye through

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8
Q

What is the function of the Iris?

A

Coloured part of the eye, contains muscles that control the diameter of the pupil, therefore how much light enters the eye

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9
Q

What is the function of the Sclera?

A

Tough supporting wall of the eye (white area)

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10
Q

What is the function of the Lens?

A

Can change shape to focus light onto the retina

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11
Q

How does the pupil change shape in Dim light?

A
  • receptors in the eye detect change in the environment
  • Radial muscles contract
  • Circular muscles relax
  • Pupil dilates
  • More light enters the eye
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12
Q

How does the pupil change shape in bright light?

A
  • Receptors in the eye detect change in the environment
  • Radial muscles relax
  • Circular muscles contract
  • Pupil constricts
  • Less light enters the eye
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13
Q

How does the lens change through accommodation to view a nearby object?

A
  • Ciliary muscles contract
  • Suspensory ligaments slacken
  • Lens becomes short and fat
  • Light is refracted more by the lens to focus more on nearby object
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14
Q

How does the shape of the lens change by accommodation the view a distant object?

A
  • Ciliary muscles relax
  • Suspensory ligaments tighten
  • Lens becomes long and thin
  • light is refracted less, allowing eye to focus on the distant object
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15
Q

What is the function of the Pituitary gland?

A

‘Master Gland’
Responsible for regulating many body functions, controlling activity of other glands

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16
Q

What is the function of the Cerebral Cortex?

A

Outer layer of neural tissue, responsible for consciousness, memory, intelligence and language

17
Q

What is the function of the Medulla?

A

Controls unconscious activities like breathing and heart rate

18
Q

What is the function of the Cerebellum?

A

Responsible for muscle coordination and movement

19
Q

What is the function of the Spinal Cord?

A

Part of the CNS

20
Q

What is the CNS?

A

Central Nervous System
Brain + Spinal Cord

21
Q

Describe a reflex arc?

A
  • Stimuli sensed by receptors
  • Electrical impulse passed along from receptor to sensory neurone to CNS
  • Impulse diffused as chemical across synapse between sensory neurone and relay neurone in CNS
  • Impulse then passed as chemical across synapse between relay neurone and motor neurone
  • Impulse passes from motor to effector organ (muscle or gland)
  • Stimulates response (muscle contraction or gland secretes chemical substance)