Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is bioenergetics?
explains how the food we eat is converted from chemical to mechanical energy to fuel bodily processes including movement
What is ATP?
(adenosine triphosphate)
a chemical compound that fuels the body’s energetic needs
What are the 4 energy systems?
ATP-CP (creatine phosphagen)
Anaerobic (glycolytic)
Aerobic (glycolytic)
Fatty Acid Oxidation
What are the characteristics of the Anaerobic System?
no oxygen needed
need energy quickly
high intensity
What are the characteristics of the Aerobic system?
uses oxygen
a lot of energy over a long period of time
steady state
What is the ATP-CP system and when is it used?
Anaerobic system
the fastest way to synthesize ATP
provides fuel at max intensity for up to 10 seconds
What are the 2 steps of the ATP-CP system?
- provides fuel for 1-2 seconds max effort
- breaks down creatine phosphate to create energy
What is the Anaerobic (glycolytic) system and when is it used?
uses glycogen and glucose to fuel the production of ATP
max intensity for up to 2 minutes
Where is glycogen stored?
muscle
Where is glucose stored?
blood
Lactic acid is a byproduct of what?
using glucose in the anaerobic glycolytic system
What is the Aerobic glycolytic system and when is it used?
breaks down glucose or glycogen into pyruvate to produce 2 or 3 molecules of ATP
used for moderate intensity for more than 2 minutes
What is the Fatty Acid Oxidation system and when is it used?
uses fatty acids in muscle cells to make ATP
fatty acids are high energy fuel but require lots of oxygen
low-intensity exercise for longer than 2 minutes
What are the by-products of the Aerobic systems?
carbon dioxide, water, and heat
What energy system is used at rest?
fatty acid oxidation
What energy system is used at the beginning of exercise?
if energy demand is immediate and high ATP-CP
What energy system is used during steady-state exercise?
Aerobic - either glycolytic or fatty acid oxidation depending on length and intensity
What energy system is used during strenuous exercise?
ATP-CP then glycolytic
What is the oxygen deficit?
at the beginning of exercise your body does not have the required amount of oxygen needed to meet the needs of increased activity
What is EPOC?
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption
helps the body repay the oxygen debt created during the exercise session
How is energy defined?
the ability to do physical work
How is Metabolism defined?
the sum of all chemical reactions in the body that use or create energy
How is Homeostasis defined?
when the demand for energy is comfortably met by the available supply of ATP
EPOC is used for what processes?
ATP replenishment
CP replenishment
conversion of lactate to glucose
