BioCog 8B emotion

Question 1

six basic emotions

Answer 1

• anger
• disgust
• fear
• happiness
• sadness
• surprise

Question 2

non-basic emotions

Answer 2

• mixes of one or more basic emotion

Question 3

bodily reaction to anxiety

Answer 3

• sweat
• stress hormones
• faster breathing
• increased blood flow
• muscles tensening
• pain surpression

Question 4

amygdala

Answer 4

• most important for emotion

Question 5

potentiated startle

Answer 5

• rats fearful reaction to the conditioned stimulus

Question 6

input for amygdala

Answer 6

• lateral nucleus (direct)

- basal nucleus (indirect)

Question 7

informatioin processing for amygdala

Answer 7

• central nucleus

Question 8

output from amygdala

Answer 8

• nucleus reticularis

Question 9

nervus vagus

Answer 9

• inhibits PNS

Question 10

paraventricular nucleus

Answer 10

• controls HPA-axis

Question 11

paraticular hypothalamic nucleus

Answer 11

• from amygdala

- to hypothalamus

Question 12

hypothalamus (in stress)

Answer 12

produces CRF

Question 13

CRF

Answer 13

• stimulates pituitary

Question 14

pituitary

Answer 14

• from CRF

- produces ACTH

Question 15

ACTH

Answer 15

• from pituitary

- stimulates adrenal gland

Question 16

cortisol

Answer 16

• stress hormone
• breaks up protein, releases glucose
• too much over long can damage hippocampus
• surpresses immune system

Question 17

GABAergic neurons

Answer 17

• inhibit amygdala

Question 18

serotonine

Answer 18

• excite GABAergic neurons

Question 19

treatment for anxiety

Answer 19

• either benzos or SSRIs

Question 20

vmPFC

Answer 20

• counterpart of amygdala
• rational decisions
• weighs rational gain against the emotional consequences
• social and moral decisions

Question 21

hippocampus in stress

Answer 21

• retrieves memories

- so we fear a snake before we actually encounter one

Question 22

chronic stress

Answer 22

= depressivity

• overactivation of HPA-axis
• too much cortisol
• eventually hippocampus damage

Question 23

cytokines

Answer 23

• used for communication between lymphocites

- interfered by cortisol

Question 24

lymphocites

Answer 24

• for immune responses

Question 25

James-Lange theory

Answer 25

• emotions are merely result of bodily reactions

Question 26

voluntary expressions

Answer 26

• no eye muscles

- left motor cortex

Question 27

voluntary paresis

Answer 27

• right motor cortex damage

Question 28

spaneous expressions

Answer 28

= automatic

• eye muscles
• both hemispheres
• subcortical regions

Question 29

emotional paresis

Answer 29

• no spontaneous expressions

- left white matter damage

Question 30

feedback loop face - feeling

Answer 30

• we make a happy face and become happy

- explains why we like to make other people laugh