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GO GO GO! > biochem > Flashcards

biochem Flashcards

1
Q

can react both as an acid and base

A

amphoteric

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2
Q

considered as weak electrolyte

A

water

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3
Q

both accept and donate proton

A

amphiprotic

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4
Q

a mixture of weak electrolytes and its salt

A

buffer

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5
Q

mixture of weak acid

A

acid buffer

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6
Q

mixture of weak base

A

base buffer

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7
Q

produced from the dissociation of acid; removal of hydrogen

A

conjugate base

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8
Q

proton hydrogen donor; formed when it combines with hydrogen

A

conjugate acid

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9
Q

factors affecting blood ph

A

nature of diet and vigorous exercise

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10
Q

metabolic disturbances in the acid-base balance of the body

A

acidosis and alkalosis

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11
Q

the acidity of blood fluids and tissues is abnormally high due to a decrease in normal blood ph

A

acidosis

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12
Q

excessive loss of bases such as bicarbonate due to a decrease in blood HCO3

A

metabolic acidosis

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13
Q

increased level of CO2

A

respiratory acidosis

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14
Q

the pH is decreased; the PCO2 is elevated

A

respiratory acidosis

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15
Q

the pH is elevated; the PCO2 decrease

A

respiratory alkalosis

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16
Q

the pH is elevated; the HCO3 is elevated

A

metabolic alkalosis

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17
Q

the pH is decrease; the HCO3 decrease

A

metabolic acidosis

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18
Q

chromatin material that contains the gene

A

chromosome

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19
Q

carriers of the hereditary trait

A

gene

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20
Q

physical and non-physical characteristics

A

traits

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21
Q

when trait is manifested or is present in every generation

A

dominant trait

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22
Q

when trait may skip a generation and only to reappear in future generation

A

recessive trait

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23
Q

it regulates, controls, and modifies all the metabolic activities of the cell

A

nucleus

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24
Q

liquids that fills inside the cell

A

cytoplasm

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25
Q

living structure

a. cytoplasm organelles
b. inclusion bodies

A

a. cytoplasm organelles

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26
Q

non-living structure

a. cytoplasm organelles
b. inclusion bodies

A

b. inclusion bodies

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27
Q

responsible for reproduction

A

centrosome

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28
Q

small, rounded chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane

A

centrosome

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29
Q

gives the cell definite shape and size

A

cell membrane

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30
Q

template of protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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31
Q

responsible for digesting food in the cell

A

lysosome

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32
Q

storage of food, dumping site for cellular garbage

A

vacoule

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33
Q

generates ATP

A

mitochondria

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34
Q

a network of tubes, tubules, microtubules

A

endoplasmic reticulum

35
Q

transport cell products

A

smooth er

36
Q

transport protein

A

rough er

37
Q

act as a temporary storage of cellular products

A

golgi apparatus

38
Q

swell cells

a. isotonic
b, hypotonic
c. hypertonic

A

b. hypotonic

39
Q

shrinkage

a. isotonic
b. hypotonic
c. hypertonic

A

c. hypertonic

40
Q

most abundant component of cytoplasm

A

water

40
Q

no effect on the cell

a. isotonic
b. hypertonic
c. hypotonic

A

a. isotonic

40
Q

main source of energy

A

carbohydrates

41
Q

second source of energy; provides elasticity to the cell

A

fats

42
Q

gives strength to the cell membrane

A

protein

43
Q

charged particles

A

electrolytes

44
Q

building blocks of proteins; fundamental sub-unit of protein

A

amino acid

45
Q

carboxyl group

A

acidic properties

46
Q

amino group

A

basic properties

47
Q

chiral c

A

asymmetric carbon

48
Q

conduction of nerve impulses

a. contractile protein
b. structural protein
c. protection protein

A

a. contractile protein

49
Q

provide mechanical support and structure

a. contractile protein
b. structural protein
c. protection protein

A

b. structural protein

50
Q

natural defense protein

a. contractile protein
b. structural protein
c. protection protein

A

c. protection protein

50
Q

carry small molecules and ions

a. transport protein
b. storage protein

A

a. transport protein

50
Q

store small molecules and ions

a. transport protein
b. storage protein

A

b. storage protein

50
Q

polypeptide are arrange tightly

a. fibrous
b. globular

A

a. fibrous

51
Q

polypeptide are arranged in compact

a. fibrous
b. globular

A

b. globular

52
Q

more amino acids

a. polypeptide
b. oligopeptide

A

a. polypeptide

53
Q

few amino acid

a. polypeptide
b. oligopeptide

A

b. oligopeptide

54
Q

high molecular weight

a. insoluble
b. soluble

A

a. insoluble

55
Q

low molecular weight

a. insoluble
b. soluble

A

b. soluble

56
Q

linear arrangement of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

a. primary structure
b. secondary structure

A

primary structure

57
Q

folding of polypeptide chains

a. primary structure
b. secondary structure

A

b. secondary structure

58
Q

two types of secondary structure

A

alpha helix
beta-pleated sheat

59
Q

2 forms of h-bond

A

intramolecular h-bond
intermolecular h-bond

60
Q

within molecule

a. intramolecular h-bond
b. intermolecular h-bond

A

a. intramolecular h-bond

61
Q

different compound

a. intramolecular h-bond
b. intermolecular h-bond

A

b. intermolecular

62
Q

unfolding of polypeptide chains

a. primary structure
b. secondary structure
b. tertiary structure

A

b. tertiary structure

63
Q

polypeptide chains tightly woven with each other

a. Quaternary structure
b. tertiary structure
c. primary structure

A

a. Quaternary structure

64
Q

destruction of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure

a. denaturation structure
b. primary structure

A

a. denaturation structure

65
Q

decreased solubility

a. physcial
b. chemical
c. biological

A

b. chemical

66
Q

increase viscosity

a. physcial
b. chemical
c. biological

A

a. physical

67
Q

increased digestibility

a. physcial
b. chemical
c. biological

A

c. biological

68
Q

breakdown of substances into smaller particles

a. ionization
b. dissociation

A

b. dissociation

69
Q

atoms or molecules get a positive or negative charges

a. ionization
b. dissociation

A

a. ionization

70
Q

underweight for one’s age

a. underweight
b. stunted
c. wasted

A

a. underweight

71
Q

acute malnutrition

a. underweight
b. stunted
c. wasted

A

c. wasted

72
Q

chronic malnutrition

a. underweight
b. stunted
c. wasted

A

b. stunted

73
Q

two major types of malnutrition

A

protein-energy malnutrition and macro-nutrient deficiency

74
Q

a form of malnutrition due to a diet deficient in protein; also called wet

a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. atrophy

A

a. kwashiorkor

75
Q

severe lack of protein intake; also called dry form

a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. atrophy

A

b. marasmus

76
Q

also known as “muscle wasting” due to aging or protein deficiency

a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. atrophy

A

c. atrophy

77
Q

cells are more likely to shrink because there is no energy sustaining them

a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. atrophy

A

c. atrophy

78
Q

this condition is usually appeared at the age of 12 months when breastfeeding is discontinued

a. kwashiorkor
b. marasmus
c. atrophy

A

a. kwashiorkor

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