Bio unit 1 test

Question 1

Explain the difference between uni- and multicellular organisms

Answer 1

Unicellular: identical to parent (1 cell); Multicellular: Genetic variation (multiple cells)

Question 2

Define differentiation

Answer 2

Becoming specialized for different types of abilities/functions

Question 3

Define homeostasis

Answer 3

How organisms maintain stable conditions to stay alive

Question 4

Describe at least ONE example (explain how temperature can be regulated by homeostasis)

Answer 4

Human have to stay in between temperatures of 97-99. One thing to help them do this is sweating. Releasing water on the body is like an internal shower to cool you down.

Question 5

Explain how hereditary information is passed from parents to offspring

Answer 5

Hereditary information is pased down from parent to offspring, by genes contained on DNA that offspring receive

Question 6

Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.

Answer 6

Sexual reproduction: hereditary info (genes0 is combined by typically both parents; Assexual reproduction: No combination of genes (split of 1 cell)

Question 7

Define evolution

Answer 7

Change population over generations (new abilitys/dissabilities)

Question 8

Describe how evolution occurs

Answer 8

Natural selection drives evolution; things gifted with the new ability are more likely to reproduce creating more of the ability

Question 9

List at least one example of interdependence of organisms

Answer 9

A giraffe and a oxpecker help each other by the oxpecker eating ticks of the giraffe. The oxpecker gets food and the giraffe gets cleaned

Question 10

List at least 3 ways that humans have impacted the environment

Answer 10

Created extinction, deforestation, and infrastructure

Question 11

Compare and contrast autotrophs and heterotrophs

Answer 11

Autotrophs: Get energy by making their food; heterotrophs: get food by eating/consuming

Question 12

List one example of an autotroph

Answer 12

Sunflower

Question 13

List one example of a heterotroph

Answer 13

me (humans)

Question 14

Describe chemosynthesis

Answer 14

Bacteria can make food (glucose) through chemicles (hyrdrovents)

Question 15

List and describe the eight characteristics of life (what makes something a living thing)

Answer 15

1. Cells 2. DNA/genetic information 3. response to stimuli 4. Metabolism 5. homeostasis 6. growth and development 7. Reproduction 8. evolution

Question 16

Identify and describe the three requirements of all living organisms

Answer 16

1. Energy source: food and or sunlight 2. Liquid water 3. Molecules to build cells: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 17

Define taxonomy

Answer 17

Science of finding ways to describe, name, and classify organisms

Question 18

Describe the 3 criteria by which organisms are classified

Answer 18

Morphology (appearance), DNA analysis (best), Physiology (how their body works)

Question 19

Identify the 8 levels of organization in the Linnaean system

Answer 19

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 20

Identify which level of organization (Domain, Kingdom, Species, Species, etc) is the most broad

Answer 20

Domain because everything that follows is under it’s domain

Question 21

Identify which level of organization (Domain, Kingdom, Species, etc) is the most specific

Answer 21

Species, because there is nothing after it making it the most specific

Question 22

Describe the function of a cladogram

Answer 22

To show how closely related selected organisms are

Question 23

Identify the 3 domains of life

Answer 23

Bacteria, Archea, and Eukarya

Question 24

Describe the 4 characteristics of organisms in Domain Bacteria discussed in class

Answer 24

primitive cells, no cell organelles, unicellular, reproduce assexually

Question 25

Describe 4 characteristics of organisms in Domain Archaea discussed in class

Answer 25

primitive cells, no cell organelles, live in extreme environments, and reproduce assexually

Question 26

Identify the kingdoms within Domain Eukarya.

Answer 26

Protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia

Question 27

Explain characteristics of organisms in Kingdom Protista

Answer 27

Multicellular organisms that don’t belong in any other kingdom

Question 28

Explain in words the levels of biological organization (cells 🡪 ? 🡪 ? 🡪 ? 🡪 ? )

Answer 28

Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

Question 29

Identify major parts of a light microscope on a diagram

Question 30

Describe the functions of 5 important microscope parts (choose the 5 parts that you think are most important)

Answer 30

Arm: used for carrying; stage: needed to be able to put down subjects; Nose piece: allows you to see at different magnifications; Eyepiece: what is used to look through; Coarse Knob: Used to help zoom in on subject

Question 31

List 2 safe microscope handling directions

Answer 31

When carrying put one hand below the base and another on the arm
Never touch microscope glass with hands. Instead use the tissue cloth to clean

Question 32

Calculate total magnification when viewing a specimen, taking into account both the eyepiece magnification AND the objective lens magnification

Question 33

Identify general lab safety rules and guidelines
You do NOT have to write anything for this question

Answer 33

If on fire stay in place + stop, drop, and roll
Never touch chemicals or glass with bare hands
know where emergency exits are
Know where eye wash stations are
If partner is on fire grab fire blanket
never poor chemicals into old beakers that have not been clean