BIO MOLECULES/ENZYMES

Question 1

CHNOPPS

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

Question 2

Two Atoms With Equal electronegativity bound together would

Answer 2

share electrons equally, non polar covalent bond

Question 3

Monomer

Answer 3

Single units, building blocks that make up polymers

Question 4

Polymers

Answer 4

More than one monomer bound together

Question 5

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 5

Process of building polymers from monomers. Process in which H+ and OH- are removed from two components, creating a Hydrogen bond between the two components. The product is a polymer and water

Question 6

H+

Answer 6

Hydrogen

Question 7

OH-

Answer 7

Hydroxide

Question 8

Hydrolysis

Answer 8

inverse of dehydration synthesis, chem reaction that breaks down polymers into monomers. Bonds holding water molecules together are broken down leading to the larger molecules being broken down as well. The H+ returns to the OG monomer, same for the OH-

Question 9

Amino acids

Answer 9

Monomers of proteins, 20 varieties that make up all life on earth

Question 10

What distinguishes amino acids

Answer 10

Chemixal side chains called R Groups

Question 11

Keratin

Answer 11

Hair, skin, nails, amino acid

Question 12

Myosin and Actin

Answer 12

Movement, muscles

Question 13

Hemoglobin

Answer 13

red blood cells, transport oxygen through body

Question 14

Enzymes

Answer 14

Catalyze chemical reactions in cells, without enzymes cell reactions would not occur at all, almost always proteins. Function: cause breakdown or digestion of molecules

Question 15

Antibodies

Answer 15

Fight Infection

Question 16

Primary Structure

Answer 16

Amino acid linear polypeptide chain, not 3d

Question 17

Secondary structure

Answer 17

Amino acids in primary structure are attracted to each other and fold toward each other

Question 18

Tertiary Structure

Answer 18

3D structure of polypeptide once folding is complete including many non covalent ionic and Hydrogen bonds as well as covalent

Question 19

Denaturation

Answer 19

in certain conditions proteins break down and become unconnected amino acids, such as in higher Temps or high acidity

Question 20

Reactant

Answer 20

Substrate, the parts being altered

Question 21

Reaction arrow/catalyst

Answer 21

enzyme

Question 22

Product

Answer 22

The result of that dehydration synthesis or hydrolysis

Question 23

Carbohydrates monomer and polymer names

Answer 23

Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides

Question 24

Monosaccharide Example (and function of example)

Answer 24

Glucose, to store energy in cells

Question 25

Disaccharide example (and function of example)

Answer 25

Lactose, made of the monosaccharides galactose and glucose. Disaccharides are used for energy and nutrition, they are broken down into simple sugars

Question 26

Polysaccharides found in plants (functions)

Answer 26

Starch, energy storage for plant, and Cellulose, structure of cell walls for plants

Question 27

Polysaccharides found in animals and functions

Answer 27

Glycogen, energy storage, and Chitlins, which provide structure

Question 28

How are monosaccharides classified

Answer 28

By the number of carbons they contain, glucose is a hexose Sugar because it has 6 carbons

Question 29

The number of carbons should be counted in which order?

Answer 29

Clockwise