Bio Hormones Flashcards
Where is growth hormone (GH) released from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
increases bone and muscle growth
increases cell turnover rate
Where is prolactin release from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
involved with mammary gland and milk production
Where is TSH released from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
targets thyroid
increases synthesis and release of thyroxine (TH)
Where is ACTH released from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
increases growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
Where is luteinizing hormone released from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
ovaries for ovulation
testes for testosterone synthesis
Where is follicle stimulating hormone released from? What does it do?
anterior pituitary
ovaries for follicle development
testes for spermatogenesis
Where is ADH/vasopressin released from? What does it do?
posterior pituitary
targets the kidney for increased water retention
Where is oxytocin released from? What does it do?
posterior pituitary
targets breast for milk letdown
targets uterus for contractions
Where is thyroxine/thyroid hormone released from? What does it do?
thyroid
necessary for physical and mental development of children
increases metabolic rate and temp of adults
modified amino acid hormone
Where is calcitonin released from? What does it do?
released from thyroid C cells
targets bone and kidneys
lowers serum [Ca2+]
Where is parathyroid hormone released from? What does it do?
parathyroids
targets bone and kidneys and small intestine
raises serum [Ca2+]
Where is thymosin released from? What does it do?
released from thymus in children
involved in T cell development during childhood
Where is epinephrine released from? What does it do?
adrenal medulla
sympathetic stress response (rapid)
modified amino acid hormone
Where is cortisol released from? What does it do?
adrenal cortex longer-term stress response increases blood glucose increases protein catabolism decreases inflammation and immunity **steroid hormone**
Where is aldosterone released from? What does it do?
adrenal cortex
targets kidneys
increases Na+ reabsorption to increase blood pressure
steroid hormone
Where can sex steroids be released from? What happens if there is a timor here?
adrenal cortex
tumor can cause overproduction thus causing masculinization or feminization
steroid hormones
Where is insulin secreted from? What does it do?
beta cells of the pancreas
decreases blood glucose
increases glycogen and fat storage
absent or ineffective in diabetes mellitus
Where is glucagon released from? What does it do?
alpha cells of the pancreas
increases blood glucose
decreases glycogen and fat storage
What is a tropic hormone?
hormone that has another endocrine gland as its target
Where is somatostatin released from? What does it do?
delta cells of the pancreas
inhibits many digestive processes
Where is testosterone released from? What does it do?
testes
involved in male characteristics and spermatogenesis
*steroid hormone
Where is estrogen released from? What does it do?
ovaries and placenta
involved in female characteristics and endometrial growth
*steroid hormone
Where is progesterone released from? What does it do?
ovaries and placenta
endometrial secretion and pregnancy
steroid hormone
Where is atrial natriurietic factor released from? What does it do?
heart
targets kidneys
increases urination to decrease blood pressure
Where is erythropoietin released from? What does it do?
released from kidneys
targets bone marrow
increases erythrocyte synthesis
