Bio chem Flashcards
Monomer-
small molecule that can bind to other similar molecules to create a polymer
Polymer-
large molecule made up of monomers joined together
Carbohydrate
type of molecule made up of C H O it gives the body energy. examples are sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose, cellulose
Lipid-
type of molecule that stores energy and is made up of fatty acid. examples are fats,oils, and waxes.
Fatty acid-
chain of carbon bonded to hydrogen with a carboxyl group at the end, the building blocks of fats and oils.
Protein-
large molecule made up of amino acids thats essential for tissue in the body. contains C H O N. examples are enzymes, hormones, and keratin.
Amino acid
small molecule that is the building block of proteins
Nucleic acid
large molecule that stores and transmits genetic information (like dna rna)
what is the process called that makes it so monomers get bigger and become polymers?
dehydration phynethesis
what’s the process called that makes it polymers can break down into monomers?
hydrolysis
what are monomers that are carbohydrates called?
monosaccharides
what is a disaccharide?
monomers in carbohydrates that have combined to form disacharides
what is a monomer in a N. A called
nucleotides
what makes you a nucleotide?
phosphate group, sugar (deoxyribose, ribose) nitrogenous base (AT,GC)
what is an organic compound
a chemical compound that has to contain carbon and be living or once living.
what is a polar covalent bond
a type of chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons unequally.
what is an acid?
a substance that can donate protons or accept electron pairs in a chemical reaction. so a substance that has many hydrogen charges.
what are the monomers in protiens called
amino acids
Wich group contains peptide bonds?
protiens
what is a peptide bond
bond that links two amino acids together in a protein. This bond forms through a dehydration synthesis reaction
what can cause an enzyme to stop working?
denaturated enzymes are caused by temp change in ph and substrate concentration
what is an example of a carbohydrate that is used in structural ways
cellulose
what is the polysaccharide that is used in animals
glycogen
what is the polysaccharide what is used in plants
amylose (starch)
what do lipids do in the cell membrane
form the fundamental bilayer structure of the cell membrane. they are hydrophobic and create a semi-permeable barrier.
when an molecule looses an ion it becomes positive true or false
true
when a molecule gains an ion it becomes negative true or false
true
what is an unsaturated fat
a fatty acid that contains a double carbon bond
what is a saturated fat
a fatty acid that doesn’t contain any carbon bonds
what ends in ase
enzymes (protiens)
what ends in ose
carbohydrates
what is sugar
sucrose
on the pH scale what is 1-7
acidic
on the pH what is 7-14
basic
what collum is a glyceride
lipid
what has charges polar or non polar?
polar
what is an enzyme
biological catalyst
what do enzymes need to live
a pH
what is examples of organic compunds
glucose
benzene
ethanol
what is a trigylceride
type of lipid composed of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol backbone.
