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BIO 169 > BIO 169 FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

BIO 169 FINAL EXAM Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what makes synovial fluid

A

synovial membrane

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2
Q

what is not a description synovial joint

A

minimal range of motion

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3
Q

normal wear and tear of joint

A

osteoarthritis

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4
Q

what is not an accessory found in synovial joint

A

symphysis

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5
Q

example of synthosis joint

A

epiphyseal line

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6
Q

type of joint that has no ROM

A

synarthrosis

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7
Q

parathyroid hormone activate

A

osteoclast

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8
Q

what hormone acts on itself

A

autocrine

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9
Q

receptor bind non-lipid on

A

plasma membrane

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10
Q

what is insulin

A

polypeptide/protein based

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11
Q

thyroid gland release all except

A

aldoesterone

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12
Q

adrenal cortex release what hormone

A

corticosteroid

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13
Q

sex hormone are examples of (testosterone and estrogen)

A

steroid hormone

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14
Q

what happens during second messenger

A

G protein activated

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15
Q

cyclic AMP is a type of what?

A

second messenger

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16
Q

what is produced when glucose is low?

A

glucagon is produced

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17
Q

where endocrine (glandular) found?

A

anterior pituitary gland

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18
Q

active form of thyroid hormone

A

T3

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19
Q

what secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

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20
Q

what does pineal gland secrete

A

melatonin

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21
Q

aldosterone released from

A

adrenal gland

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22
Q

what happens when insulin binds to target cell

A

glucose enters the cell

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23
Q

what is not a formed element in the blood

A

albumin

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24
Q

kidney release all except

A

thyroxine

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25
Q

what does the posterior pituitary gland release?

A

ADH/OXT

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26
Q

hormone that binds to extracellular response can be

A

all the above

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27
Q

what do adipose produce?

A

leptin

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28
Q

what is not released by the hypothalamus

A

norepinephrine

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29
Q

what regulate circadian rhythmn

A

melatonin

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30
Q

cause of type 2DM

A

does not respond to insulin

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31
Q

endocrine pancreas

A

pancreas islet

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32
Q

erythropoietin release to promote

A

RBC

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33
Q

hemophilia

A

unable to produce clot

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34
Q

what vitamin is need to produce clotting factor

A

vitamin K

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35
Q

order of WBC

A

Never let monkeys eat bananas
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monotype, eosinophil, basophil

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36
Q

mechanism RBC regeneration

A

iron secreted through urine not recycle

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37
Q

what cell mature in bone marrow

A

B cell and NK cell

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38
Q

what white blood cell increase during allergic reaction or parasitic infection

A

eosinophil

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39
Q

what is it called after megakaryocyte pinch off

A

platelet

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40
Q

common pathway for coagulation

A

thrombin converted to prothrombin

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41
Q

erythrocyte has what kind of property

A

has bi-concave property

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42
Q

what cause anemia

A

all the above

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43
Q

Papillary muscle are called

A

chordae tendinae

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44
Q

what is aneurysm

A

expand weaken arterial wall

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45
Q

NFP capillary bed push fluid into what

A

tissue

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46
Q

after blood exit capillary bed it enters

A

venules

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47
Q

cardiac output

A

HR x SV

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48
Q

RAAS is due to

A

low BP or volume

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49
Q

Cardiovascular medulla oblongata

A

ABC

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50
Q

isovolume contraction

A

first ventricular systole

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51
Q

pulmonary circuit

A

pulmonary arteries to lungs, return pulmonary vein to heart

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52
Q

preload- stretch occur during?

A

ventricular diastole

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53
Q

heart murmur

A

sound caused by turbulent blood flow

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54
Q

QSR complex

A

ventricular depolarization

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55
Q

pericarditis

A

Excess fluid in pericardial cavity; inflamed pericardial surface

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56
Q

intercalated disc use

A

gap junction

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57
Q

lack of oxygen blood flow to cardiac muscle

A

angina pectoris

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58
Q

order of electrical conduction

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers

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59
Q

angiotensen II

A

all the above

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60
Q

what happens during late ventricular diastole

A

passive filling of blood

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61
Q

peripheral vascular resistance

A

all factor impact resistance

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62
Q

% end diastolic volume ejected during ventricular contraction

A

ejection fraction

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63
Q

elastic lamina is found in which vessel

A

arteries

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64
Q

calcium ion into the cell during the action potential of contractile cardiac cell

A

plateau phase

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65
Q

coronary sinus function

A

collect venous blood of coronary circulation

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66
Q

regular profusion of blood through capillary bed

A

precapillary sphincter

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67
Q

increase in ventricular volume return

A

increase in stroke volume

68
Q

t-wave represent

A

ventricular systole

69
Q

pacemaker potential

A

Gradual depolarization of pacemaker cells

70
Q

vaso vasorum

A

supply blood to externa tunica

71
Q

increase CO2, lactate, H+ concentrate, decrease in pH

A

local vaso dialator

72
Q

fatty deposit in lumen of arteries

A

atherosclerotic plaque

73
Q

first menstrual period

A

menarche

74
Q

movement of air into and out of the respiratory

A

pulmonary ventilation

75
Q

hyperventilate cause

A

hypocapnea

76
Q

quiet breathing expiration

A

passive

77
Q

inhalation occur when pressure in lungs is ________atmospheric pressure

A

below

78
Q

respiratory function is controlled by what centers

A

medulla and pons

79
Q

the most common respiratory transport

A

bicarbonate

80
Q

what is found in lower respiratory

A

larynx

81
Q

air pass through this opening to produce sound

A

glottis

82
Q

where is gas exchange

A

alveoli sac

83
Q

exchange of gas at the peripheral

A

internal respiration

84
Q

when pH is low

A

Oxygen bind tightly to hemoglobin

85
Q

what keep alveoli from collapsing

A

surfactant

86
Q

primary mechanism for transporting oxygen

A

bind to hemoglobin

87
Q

when central chemoreceptor detect CO2 what is initiated

A

inhalation

88
Q

what prevents food from entering trachea following swallowing

A

epiglottis

89
Q

angiotensin II does not cause the release of what?

A

naturetic hormone

90
Q

superior portion of pharyngeal

A

nasopharynx

91
Q

block blood vessel by fat, air, or blood close

A

embolism

92
Q

vocal fold is found where

A

larynx

93
Q

normal condition NFR push fluid how?

A

push fluid out of glomerular capillary

94
Q

where is most filtration volume absorb

A

PCT

95
Q

what brings urine from kidney to the bladder

A

ureter

96
Q

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete?

A

renin

97
Q

urinary system does not produce what

A

angiotensin

98
Q

kidney is regulated by what system

A

sympathetic

99
Q

most nephron is found in what part of the kidney

A

cortical

100
Q

aldoesterone act

A

increase Na and H2O retention in plasma

101
Q

movement of solute blood to tubular fluid

A

secretion

102
Q

substance too large to filter in glomerulus

A

secreted in DCT

103
Q

what structure collect urine

A

renal pelvis

104
Q

metabolic waste

A

creatine, urea, uric acid

105
Q

where are podocyte located

A

glomerular filtration membrane

106
Q

primary, milk teeth, or baby teeth

A

deciduous teeth

107
Q

parotid glands found near

A

zygomatic

108
Q

another word for deglutition

A

swallowing

109
Q

dome portion of stomach

A

fundus

110
Q

what produce intrinsic factor/HCL

A

parietal cell

111
Q

what secrete pepsinogen

A

chief cell

112
Q

what gastric gland produce gastrin

A

g cell

113
Q

though of food, smell, sight associate what phase

A

cephalic phase

114
Q

exocrine secretion of pancreas

A

pancreatic acini

115
Q

distention of stomach stimulate motility and secretion of intestine

A

gastroenteric

116
Q

what does secretin release

A

pancreatic buffer

117
Q

CCK release

A

pancreatic enzyme/release bile into duodenum (A and B)

118
Q

digestive enzyme leave digestive track and enter

A

Hepatic portal system

119
Q

Bile produce in

A

Liver

120
Q

globule into droplet

A

emulsification

121
Q

what take fat to liver

A

lacteal

122
Q

brush border enzyme is found in intestinal microvilli

A

all the above

123
Q

large intestine form _______ around small intestine

A

horsehoe

124
Q

large intestine absorb or resabsorb

A

water, nutrient, organic waste, and bile

125
Q

lymphoid tissue

A

spleen and thymus

126
Q

what empties into left subclavian vein

A

thoracic duct

127
Q

type of nodule

A

tonsil

128
Q

what has white pulp and red pulp

A

spleen

129
Q

spleen functions

A

filter lymph fluid

130
Q

b cells undergo

A

sensitization

131
Q

cytotoxic t cells

A

MCH 8

132
Q

helper T cells does not

A

clone toxic T cells

133
Q

B cells activated

A

Plasma cell

134
Q

IGM

A

first to arrive

135
Q

IGG

A

can cross placenta

136
Q

IGA

A

secretion

137
Q

IGE

A

inflammation

138
Q

IGD

A

bind to antigen on surface of B cell

139
Q

secondary response

A

increase IGM production and in greater quantities

140
Q

Type I DM is

A

autoimmune disorder

141
Q

cytokine that destroys pathogen barrier

A

perferin

142
Q

cells found in thymus

A

t cells

143
Q

luteal correspond to which uterine cycle phase

A

secretory

144
Q

the stage of meiosis will produce secondary oocyte and

A

polar body

145
Q

lining of the uterine wall that is shed with menses

A

funcitonal layer

146
Q

follicles form the structure within the ovaries

A

corpus luteum

147
Q

target cells for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Sertoli (nurse cells)

148
Q

gamete of male reproductive system

A

sperm

149
Q

the exit of male semen from male body through the urethra is referred to as

A

ejaculation

150
Q

structure of mature sperm that contain enzyme necessary for fertilization

A

acromsome

151
Q

cell division that is unique to productive cells is called

A

meoisis

152
Q

the spermatic chord passes through this region as it exits the abdominopelvic cavity

A

inguinal canal

153
Q

secretion of the bulbourethral gland are

A

alkaline

154
Q

hormones that initiate felling of bonding associated with sexual response

A

oxytocin

155
Q

raise thickening in scrotal surface that divides scrotum into L/R

A

raphe

156
Q

layer of skeletal muscle deep to dermis that cause scrotum to move closer to the above due to drop in temp or sexual arousal

A

cremaster

157
Q

location of sperm production

A

seminiferous tubules

158
Q

androgen hormone of male reproductive system

A

testosterone

159
Q

tubular gland that produce most of semen volume

A

seminal gland

160
Q

two cylindrical mass of erectile tissue

A

copora cavernosa

161
Q

structure that isolate seminiferous tubules from general circulation

A

blood testis barrier

162
Q

process where sperm becomes motile

A

capacitation

163
Q

inferior portion of uterine body that extends from isthmus of vagina

A

cervix

164
Q

what carries oocyte to uterus

A

uterine tube

165
Q

Surface between public symphysis and coçcyx

A

Perineum

166
Q

Sperm stored in epididymis

A

Is mature but immotile

BIO 169 (8 decks)

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