BIO 101 - Chapter 11 Flashcards
Evoloution
Descent with modification; change in allele frequencies in a population over time
A genetic change in a population over multiple generations
Uniformitarianism
James Hutton’s idea that modern geological processes of erosion and sedimentation have also occured int eh past, producing changes in the Earth over time.
Catastrophism
Georges Cuvier’s idea that upheavals such as floods, volcanic eruption, and earthquakes are responsible for most geological formations.
Principle of superposition
Georges Cuvier’s idea that lower rock layers are older than those above them.
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
French Taxonomist who propoesed that organisms that used one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities. Conversely, disuse would weaken an organ until it disapeared.
Fossil
An evidence of an organism from more than 10,000 years ago
Artificial selection
A process where a human chooses one or a few desired traits and then allows only the individuals that best express the desired qualities to reproduce.
Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
Suggests that genetic mutations create heritable variations and that this variation is the raw material upon which natural selection acts.
Thomas Malthus
A theologian - his essay that stated that food availability, disease, and war limits the size of human population inspired Charles Darwin’s ideas about natural selection.
