Bias... Flashcards

1
Q

what information processing system operates automatically and quickly, takes no effort?…instinctive

A

System 1

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2
Q

what info processing system involves slow thinking , effortful, more logical

A

system 2

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3
Q

BOTH information processing systems …

A

both active while awake/highly efficient div of labor/sys 1 can error

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4
Q

MENTAL SHORTCUTS which enable the fast thinking system possible…?

A

Heuristics

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5
Q

unconscious error in thinking that leads us to misinterpret information (part of human nature)

A

cognitive bias

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6
Q

affects rationality and accuracy of decisions

A

cognitive bias

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7
Q

The tendency to rely too heavily on pre-existing information

A

anchor bias

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8
Q

We believe the
information we can most easily recall as valid and ignore
alternative solutions or opinions.

A

availability bias

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9
Q

tendency to form an opinion or take action because others
have already done so

A

bandwagon bias

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10
Q

happens when you
look for information that supports your existing beliefs and
reject data that goes against what you believe.

A

confirmation bias

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11
Q

perceive another culture as being abnormal,
outlying, or exotic based on comparison to one’s own culture

A

cultural bias

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12
Q

compare the past to the present, leading to the
decision that things are worse or becoming worse

A

decline bias

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13
Q

widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of person /place/thing…..?

A

stereotyping

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14
Q

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared to another

A

BIAS

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15
Q

clear feelings and attitudes/ behaviors come from intent….deliberate

A

explicit bias

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16
Q

outside of awareness/contradicts beliefs and values…

17
Q

which system creates mental shortcuts

18
Q

How does Heuristics and Sys 1 thinking relate to stereotyping?

A

superficial similarities between persons/objects/situation lead to assumptions that
appear correct but are false. Relying on them to guide perception
of others can result in stereotyping

19
Q

the assumption that bias policing comes from racist cops is? t or f?

20
Q

phenomenon where
adults perceive Black youth as being older than they are

A

Adultification bias

21
Q

police are summoned to a situation by a biased caller

A

profiling by proxy

22
Q

what are some consequences of biased policing

A

bad investigations/poor crime control/poor officer safety/violations of rights/over and under policing

23
Q

Situations that
involve
discretionary
activities, Ambiguous
situations, Fast-moving
situations, are all situations that increase what?

A

the likelihood of bias

24
Q

Most of our decisions are system ?

25
tendency for people to perceive a concept or event to be simplistic because their knowledge about it may be simplistic or lacking.
Dunning-Kruger effect
26
You justify that were late to work because you woke up to a flat tire, but you criticize a similarly late co-worker and presume they are just not responsible.
fundamental attribution error
27
The tendency to fail to notice a stimulus that is right in front of you because your attention is directed elsewhere.
unintentional blindness
28
The tendency to support or believe someone within one’s own social group over an outsider.
in-group bias
29
tendency to place too much faith in your own knowledge, abilities, and ideas.
overconfidence bias
30
repeated exposure of the individual to a stimulus object enhances his attitude toward it
mere exposure effect
31