Benign Diseases of the Prostate and Urinary Tract Obstruction Flashcards
What is the average size of the prostate gland in men aged 25-30 years?
20 cubic cm
->increases in size with age
Name the four zones of the prostate.
Transitional zone
Central zone
Peripheral zone
Inferior fibromuscular stroma
Which zone of the prostate does benign prostatic hyperplasia usually affect?
Transitional zone
Why does benign prostatic hyperplasia cause symptoms?
Because the transitional zone surrounds the urethra and hyperplasia can cause obstruction to the bladder or urethra
Which prostatic zone do the majority of prostate cancers arise from?
Peripheral zone
->this is why they can be asymptomatic for so long as away from the ureter
BPE?
Benign prostate enlargement
BPH?
Benign prostate hyperplasia
BPO?
Benign prostatic obstruction
BOO?
Bladder outflow obstruction
LUTS?
Lower urinary tract symptoms
What is BPE characterised by?
->benign prostatic hyperplasia, imma use the abbreviations so you get them in your head but make sure you work out which one it is before answering the question
Fibromuscular and glandular hyperplasia
BPH is part of the aging process in men. What % of men at 60yrs have BPH?
50%
BPH is part of the aging process in men. What % of men at 85yrs have BPH?
90%
What % of men with BPH have moderate to severe LUTS?
50%
BPH is a progressive condition resulting in what?
BPO or BOO
(okay imma give you them again just to make sure- Benign prostatic obstruction and bladder outflow obstruction)
What can be sued for the assessment of LUTS?
Symptom scoring systems e.g. IPSS
Frequency volume charts
Are voiding symptoms obstructive or irritative?
Obstructive
Are storage symptoms obstructive or irritative?
Irritative
List some voiding symptoms which can relate to obstruction.
Hesitancy
Poor stream
Terminal dribbling
Incomplete emptying
List some storage symptoms which can relate to irritation.
Frequency
Nocturia
Urgency +/- urge incontinence
IPSS score sheet = International Prostate Symptom Score which is put of 35.
What does an IPSS of 0-7 indicate?
Mild prostate symptoms
IPSS score sheet = International Prostate Symptom Score which is put of 35.
What does an IPSS of 8-19 indicate?
Moderate prostatic symptoms
IPSS score sheet = International Prostate Symptom Score which is put of 35.
What does an IPSS 20+ indicate?
Severe prostatic symptoms
For how long do patients complete a frequency volume chart?
Over three days
3-5 days makes in more representable however