Benign Breast Masses Flashcards
the most common breast masses. are
Fibroadenoma, fibrocystic changes, galactocele, and fat necrosis
Fibrocystic
changes CxFx,
increases with
Cyclical breast pain:
increases with approach
of menses, returns to baseline once menstruation starts
Fibrocystic changes Physical findings
Nodular tissue bilaterally
Diffuse tenderness
Mass not discrete or
well defined
Fibrocystic changes Diagnosis
Physical exam
Fibrocystic changes Management
Observation
Fibroadenoma Pathophy, distribution (%), worst and better with?
Benign solid tumors with
glandular and fibrous tissue
20% bilateral
May increase in size with pregnancy and decrease with menopause
Fibroadenoma Physical findings
Well-defined mobile mass
Fibroadenoma Diagnosis
Ultrasound
Definitive diagnosis with core needle biopsy
Fibroadenoma Management
Observation with repeat
ultrasound 3–6 months
Excise if increases in
size to rule out malignancy
Fat necrosis Etiology
Results from breast trauma or surgery
Fat necrosis Physical findings
Clinically detected hard lump
May be confused with malignancy (can have nipple retraction)
Fat necrosis Diagnosis
Mammogram
Fat necrosis Management
Observation
self-limiting
Intraductal papilloma patho
Papillary cells growing into cyst lumen
Intraductal papilloma Physical finding/Cxfx
Bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma Diagnosis
Core needle biopsy
do not show up on mammography due to their small size
Intraductal papilloma Management
Surgical excision to
rule out hidden cancer
Mastitis Etiology
Prolonged engorgement
in breastfeeding women or
inflammation in nonbreastfeeding women
Mastitis Physical findings
Painful, swollen, erythematous breast(s)
Mastitis Diagnosis
Cultures
Mastitis Management
Cover for S. aureus: dicloxacillin or cephalexin
Breast abscess Etiology
Localized collection of pus in breast tissue
Breast abscess Physical findings
Fluctuant, tender,
palpable mass with
fever and malaise
Breast abscess Management-Diagnosis
Needle aspiration, surgical drainage, and antibiotics (dicloxacillin or cephalexin)
Management for Breast abscess If MRSA
suspected:
TMP-SMX or clindamycin
