Behaviorist classical study - Watson & Rayner - Describe F&c Flashcards

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1
Q

F: emotional tests- did A show any fear response when first shown the objects?

A

no

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2
Q

F: emotional tests- how did A react to the loud noise for the first time?

A

started violently, breathing was checked and arms were raised (defensive position)

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3
Q

F: S1- how did A react when the rat and loud noise were presented together for the first time and second time?

A
  • 1st = jumped, fell forward, burying his head on the table, didn’t cry
  • 2nd = fell forward again, whimpering a little
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4
Q

F: S2- how did he react to the rat w no noise?

A
  • this time he didn’t reach for the rat, just stared at it when placed near, reached out carefully toward it
  • withdrew hand when rat started to nuzzle it
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5
Q

F: S2- how did he react when given blocks to play with?

A

happily played with them

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6
Q

F: S2 - what was his reaction after the joint stimulation?

A

became more distressed. When he was again shown the rat, behan to cry and crawl away rapidly

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7
Q

F: S3- how did A respond to these objects?

A
  • Rabbit = burst into tears & crawled away
  • Neither the dog or the fur coat produced such a violent reaction as the rabbit
  • Wool = not touching at first, then later being less cautious
  • Watson’s hair = no fear
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8
Q

F: S4 - How did A respond to the rat, dog , rabbit?

A
  • less extreme reaction than b4

- after ‘freshening up’ the conditioned fear response was stronger

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9
Q

F: S5- were A’s responses to the furry objects (test objects) similar or diff to the blocks (cntrl objects)?

A
  • A reacted to the test objects in a clearly diff way than to the blocks
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10
Q

C - W&R concluded how many ‘joint stimulations’ were needed to create a conditioned emotional response?

A

2

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11
Q

C - W&R concluded how many ‘joint stimulations’ were needed to create a complete reaction?

A

7

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12
Q

C -what did this study demonstrate?

A

such learned (conditioned) responses generalise to similar stimuli

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13
Q

C - W&R suspected the persistence of such conditioned responses would only be found in?

A

persons who are ‘constitutionally inferior’

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14
Q

C - they also suggested A’s thumb sucking might have been what?

A

a form of compensation to block fear

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15
Q

C - which other views in psy do these conflict w?

A
  • memories being pushed down into the UCM as they could acc be conditioned.
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16
Q

F: summary - emotional tests?

A
  • No fear - L.A was a calm & even tempered baby

- Started violently, arms raised, started to cry

17
Q

F: summary - S1?

A
  • A jumped and fell forward

- Fell forward & began to whimper

18
Q

F: summary - S2?

A
  • stared, reached carefully, withdrew when nuzzled
  • played happily w control
  • more distressed each time. Cried quickly and crawled away
19
Q

F: summary - S3?

A
  • Rat = fear
  • Rabbit = feat = crawled away (generalisation of fear)
  • Dog & fur coat = less extreme fear
  • JW hair = negative reaction
  • Cotton wool = some fear
20
Q

F: summary - S4?

A
  • less extreme fear than B4 to the rat, rabbit, dog - still shows a learned response as no fear shown to wooden blocks
  • After the CR was ‘freshened up’, fear response was stronger
21
Q

F: summary - S5?

A
  • Furry objects = fear response although ‘a certain loss in intensity if the reaction’
  • Wooden blocks = no fear
22
Q

C: summary?

A
  • W&R concluded that phobias in adults cannot be traced back to the UCM as Freud argued. Instead it is likely that most phobias are conditioned emotional reactions. Just 2 ‘joint stimulations’ can create a CR
  • this study demonstrated that learned responses do transfer (generalise) to other objects. A maintained a fearful response to many furry objects over a period of time
  • It is however suspected that the persistence of such CR’s would only be found in ppl who are ‘constitutionally inferior’ (ppl who are not very robust)