Beer making & styles of beer

Question 1

What 4 key ingredients are in beer?

Answer 1

MALT, HOPS, YEAST and WATER.

Question 2

What is Malt?

Answer 2

Are processed grain seeds – any seeds – that have been modified from their natural state by a multistep procedure called malting.

Question 3

What does malt affect?

Answer 3

sugar, color and flavor

Question 4

What is malting?

Answer 4

The basic malting steps are steeping, germinating, and kilning. For many specialty malts, two other steps – stewing and/or roasting. Most brewing malt is made from barley and wheat.

Think of malt as hard seeds that need to go through a process that mosturizes the seed, lets it begin to sprout, and then heats it to dry it out again.

Question 5

What are the 3 steps in malting?

Answer 5

Step 1- Steeping
Step 2 - Germination
Step 3 -Kilning

Question 6

What is steeping?

Answer 6

is the first of the three stages in the malting process. The aim of steeping is to take barley that has been recovered from dormancy and raise the moisture content.

Question 7

What is germination?

Answer 7

is used to describe the long growth/modification phase between steeping and kilning.

Question 8

What is kilning?

Answer 8

is the heating of germinated barley to dry it and develop malty, biscuit – like flavours. Kilning is the final stage in malting after germinating and steeping.

Question 9

What is mash?

Answer 9

is porridge like mixture of ground cereal grain (grist) and temperature – controlled brewing water (often called “liquor”).

Question 10

What is mashing?

Answer 10

Mashing is the first stage in brewing beers – basically converting starch in the grain to sugar. Yeast likes sugar. (though this does happen after malting)

Question 11

What are hops?

Answer 11

hops are the ingredients in beer that provides its backbone of bitterness. It greatly influences the taste and aroma of beer. Hops are the flowers of humulus – wolf plant (close to the marijuana family)

Question 12

What is important about hops in beer?

Answer 12

*Hops = preservative, bitterness and flavor

Question 13

What is wort?

Answer 13

Wort is a liquid extract made from grain, intended for fermentation by yeast into beer.

Wort is created by mashing and then separating the grain and husk material in the lautering process from the liquid (wort).

Question 14

What is laurtering?

Answer 14

Laurtering is a method of separating sweet wort from spent grain (the shells of the grains)

Question 15

Once the wort is collected what is done with it?

Answer 15

Wort is collected in the brew kettle, where it is boiled with hops. Yeast is added to the cooled wort where fermentation transforms the hopped wort into beer.

Question 16

What does yeast do to beer?

Answer 16

It turns hopped wart into beer by adding alcohol and flavor.

Question 17

What are the two types of fermentation?

Answer 17

Top and bottom

Question 18

Of top and bottom fermentation, which is done in warmer temperatures?

Answer 18

Top

Question 19

What type of fermantation is associated with ales?

Answer 19

Top

Question 20

What type of fermantation is associated with lagers?

Answer 20

Bottom

Question 21

Describe Bottom Fermentaion

Answer 21

Bottom – Fermentation is a process using yeast strains that work effectively at lower temperatures 5c – 10c, causing the yeast to work less vigorously and create carbon dioxide more slowly. This results in less turbulence in the beer and yeast precipitating early life cycle. Takes longer

Question 22

Describe Top Fermentaion

Answer 22

generally associated with ales, top fermentation tend to be carried out at higher temperatures – 16c or higher (faster)

Question 23

What are the 2 beer families?

Answer 23

Lager & Ale

Question 24

Describe Lager

Answer 24

Lagers are usually cleaner and crisper than most beers. The name lager comes from the German verb lagern, which means store. Bottom fermented.
*Lager = cooler / bottom fermentation, crisper and leaner body

Question 25

What is they major difference in the ingredients between lager and ale?

Answer 25

The major difference between the two is the type of yeast used to ferment the Wort into beer.

Question 26

Describe ale

Answer 26

Ale is the second classification of beers. Brewed using top-fermenting yeast. Back in the day it was referred to as beers from England

*Ale = warmer / top fermentation, fruiter and rounder body (usually more of an amber color)

Question 27

What is an IPA

Answer 27

is a beer style characterized by its high alcohol and hops. It gained its popularity in British India. Its high hop and alcohol content was a natural preservative

Question 28

What is an English Pale Ale

Answer 28

is gold to bronze in color. 4.5% - 5.5% ABV with a noticeable but not over powering, hop bitterness (30-45 IBU). Derived from IPA

Question 29

What is an American Pale Ale

Answer 29

one of the first Americanized styles brewed by start-up microbrewers in the 1980’s. Using American ingredients to emulate the English Pale Ale

Question 30

What is Wheat Malt

Answer 30

is the second most common malted grain after barley malt. German wheat beer must contain at least 50% wheat malt. American style usually contains 10% - 35%.

Question 31

What is a Weissbier

Answer 31

is the classic wheat beer of Bavaria and one of Germany’s greatest and most distinctive beer styles. It means white beer in German. Outside of Germany it is known as hefeweizen, literally “yeast wheat” packaged unfiltered and made with at least 50% wheat

Question 32

What is a Stouts

Answer 32

are a category of warm fermented ale style that are distinguished by their dark color, generally dark brown or black. As well as a distinct roasted coffee character

Question 33

What is a Imperial Stout

Answer 33

among the richest and strongest of beer styles. Imperial stout was originally brewed in London as an “extra stout” porter for export to the Baltic countries and Russia. It was once brewed for Czarnia Catherine the Great.

Question 34

What is a Pilsner

Answer 34

is a pale, golden lager, originally from the Czech Republic. Imitation pilsners today account for 95% of global beer market. The original pilsner comes from the town of Pilsen in Bohemia in 1838.

Question 35

What is a Kolsch

Answer 35

is a top fermented local beer style from Cologne, Germany. Kolsch beers are characterized by a lightly fruity yeast note in aroma and taste, as well as a pleasant hoppy bitterness. The beer goes back to 874AD

Question 36

What is a Altbier

Answer 36

is one of the few indigenous German ale styles, along with the blonde from kolsch from Colgone and the hefeweizens of Bavaria. Alt means “old” in reference to the old style of brewing before cold-fermented lagers. It originates from Dusseldorf

Question 37

What is a Bock

Answer 37

strong beer with typical 6.5% ABV. Mainly bottom fermented. Originated in lower-saxton Germany

Question 38

What is IBU?

Answer 38

IBU – international bitterness units international agreed upon standard for measuring bitterness in beer.

Question 39

What is the max IBU the human tongue can detect?

Answer 39

100

Question 40

What is 1516?

Answer 40

1516 April 23rd 1516 the Bavarian duke issued the beer purity law. Which stated all beer must be made from barley, hops, and water. It is now German law and is the oldest food safety regulation out there.

Question 41

What is ABV?

Answer 41

ABV Alcohol by Volume. Standard world wide

Question 42

Beer cheat sheet (top notes on malt, hops, yeast, ale and lager)

Answer 42

Malt = sugar, color and flavour
Hops = preservative, bitterness and flavour
Yeast = alcohol and flavour
Ale = warmer / top fermentation, fruiter and rounder body
Lager = cooler / bottom fermentation, crisper and leaner body