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MSK II > BCHM 1 contractile proteins > Flashcards

BCHM 1 contractile proteins Flashcards

1
Q

What does actin make up other than in muscle?

A
  • major component cytoskeleton

(microvilli, cell cortex, anherens belt, phagocytosis, contractile ring)

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2
Q

ACtin filaments are assembled into what types of structures?

what assembles them?

A
  1. Actin bundles and actin networks
  2. accessory proteins
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3
Q

Basics about actin bundles

vs

actin networks

A

bundles

  • cross-linked into closely packed parallel arrays
    • usually same polarity is same so + end all on same side

networks

  • loosely cross-linked in orthogonal arrays
    • form 3D meshwork with gel-like properties
    • can strech flex
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4
Q

Actin-bundling proteins

A
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5
Q

Closely spaced actin-bundling proteins

A
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6
Q

What binds together close actin bundles

A

fimbrin

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7
Q

Loosely bundled actin filaments

A
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8
Q

Loose actin bundling protein that can make the space?

A

a-actinin

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9
Q

actin filaments in networks (actin-bundling)

A
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10
Q

Actin and the plasma membrane

A
  • 3D networks abundant beneath the plasma membrane (determine shape, aid move, stabil, flex
  • erythrocytes contain actin binding protein
    • spectrin
    • network forms a cortical cytoskel
    • spectrin actin network acts via ankyrin protein 4/1
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11
Q

What do erythrocytes and actin interact via?

A

Spectrin

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12
Q

Mutation in cortical cytoskeleton proteins in erythrocytes?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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13
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis

A
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14
Q

actin projections and plasma membrane

A
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15
Q

Myosin is what?

A

SUPERFAMILY of motor proteins

  • 20 diff types
  • all move along actin filaments via ATP hydrolysis
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16
Q

Myosin type in skeletal muscle

A

Myosin II

  • bipolar filaments
  • teals associate to form shaft of filament
  • heads exposed at both ends
  • head neck and tail
17
Q

Myosin head

A
18
Q

Myosin neck

A
19
Q

myosin tail

A
20
Q

What is the name for distance travelled and can it differ (myosin)

A

step size

more proteins at neck makes a longer neck which can travel further so have a larger step size

21
Q

Actin/myosin mechanism

A
22
Q

What causes a difference in velocity of actin myosin shortening?

A
23
Q

myosin moves to what end of actin?

A

most of myosin will move towards + end of actin

24
Q

Fill in the black bars

A
25
Q

Myosin contraction in smooth and non-muscle cells

A
26
Q

Non-muscle cell stable or non stable?

A

much less stable or organized than muscle fibers

27
Q

Cytokinesis

A

transient interaction actin/myosin

f-actin with myosin II from contractile ring

myosin movement shortens ring

28
Q

What myosin is used in vesicular transport?

A

Myosin V

VI

I

29
Q

Myosin V transport?

A
30
Q

Myosin 6/5

A
31
Q

Myosin I

A
32
Q

Cell migration

A

Positive end and a minus end. Growth happens at the + end and break down at the - end which can cause movent

33
Q

What causes Duchenne Muscular dystrophy?

A

Mutations within Dystrophin gene

(also causes becker muscular dystrophy)

34
Q

Mutation of dystrophin gene

A

Hundred of mutations

  • usually connects cytoskeleton to basal lamina
    • stabilizes membranes
  • Hundreds of mutations (mostly deletions)
    • half in frame and half out of frame
35
Q

In frame deletion vs out of frame deletion of dystrophin gene?

A

IN- Becker muscular dystrophy (milder)

smaller protein with partial function

OUT- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

little to no expression of dystrophin

36
Q

What is dystrophins functino in cells?

What happens without it?

A

helps relieve stress with transfer of energy or stress (multi directions)

WIthout transfer of energy can cause burst of muscles and death of cells

37
Q

Symptoms of DMD

A

Progressive muscle wasting

confined wheel chair 12

die of respiratory failure around 22

MSK II (20 decks)

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