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AY13 Media - Theories > Baudrillard: Simulacra (Postmodernism) > Flashcards

Baudrillard: Simulacra (Postmodernism) Flashcards

1
Q

FEATURES of pm

What is irony?

A

When the last thing you would expect to happen happens.

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2
Q

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Why is an hommage?
What is a parody?

A

Hommage - respectfully including something.

Parody - including something by making fun of it for comedic value.

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3
Q

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What is a bricolage?
Provide an example.

A

The combination of different types of media products to make a new one.

A musician taking something from a different product to create a new song out of it.

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4
Q

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What is an intertextual reference?

A

When the producer makes a subtle or direct reference to a specific media product.

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5
Q

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What are fragmented narratives?

A

Non-linear narratives that are broken up and moved around.

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6
Q

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What is self reflexivity?

A

Characters are aware they’re in a media product, they break the 4th wall.

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7
Q

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What are common themes?
Provide an example.

A

Outlandish scenarios - ‘what if’ themes.

What if technology gets out of control?

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8
Q

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What is lacking verisimilitude?

A

Lacking the appearance of being real or true.

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9
Q

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Give an example of a type of programme that presents verisimilitude.

A

Soap operas.

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10
Q

When does modernism and postmodernism refer to?

A

modernism = 1890s - 1945

postmodernism = post ww2

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11
Q

How does the modern approach compare to the postmodern approach?

A

The modern approach is theoretical, objective and analytical.

Postmodern approach is subjective.

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12
Q

What would a modernist thinker believe, compared to postmodern thinker?

A

Modernist = learning from experiences of the past, trusting the media.

Postmodernist = media texts are reflective of particular views of the world, tainted by the producer’s beliefs - biased and unreliable.

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13
Q

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What is pastiche?

A

Imitating another type of work, artist or period.

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14
Q

What type of things does ‘postmodern art’ cover?

A

Art, literature, culture etc

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15
Q

What do postmodernists believe about truth?

A

There is no absolute truth.

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16
Q

Baudrillard

What is simulacra?

A

The original meaning/message has, over time, been lost and become something else/there is none.

17
Q

Baudrillard

What are the 4 causes of simulacra?

A

Media culture

Modern economics and globalisation

Urbanisation

Language

18
Q

Baudrillard

How do postmodernists see the postmodern world?

A

As an increasingly simulated reality.

19
Q

Baudrillard

What do the ideas of simulacra and simulation explore?

A

The implications of media saturation where more and more of our experience is simulated.

20
Q

Baudrillard

What happens to simulated images in a postmodern world?

A

They become more ‘influential’ than lived experience, creating a hyperreality.

We lose any sense that of a distinction between what is real and what is artificial or ‘simulated’.

21
Q

Baudrillard

What happens to the representations of reality?

A

The representations of reality (simulacra) create a ‘reality’ which would not otherwise have existed eg celebrity and fashion appear to be real, but they have no independent existence outside their media representations.

22
Q

Baudrillard

What issues does simulacra raise regarding celebrities?

A

Consumers are unable to distinguish between reality and fiction, the audience don’t know what’s real and actually attainable for them.

23
Q

Baudrillard

Simulacra creates a ________; the __________ that everything being __________ is ______.

A

a) hyperreality
b) appearance
c) presented
d) real

24
Q

Baudrillard

What does the process of celebrity simulacra and simulation create?

A

A sense of hyperreality through being unable to see the difference between real life and what’s been fabricated.

25
Q

Baudrillard

How do consumers use the hyperreal, simulacra and simulation to their advantage?

A

Audience wants to live in hyperreal because they can’t distinguish difference between real life and fiction - they compare themselves which creates the need for the product rather than consumer themselves deciding.

26
Q

Baudrillard

How do Baudrillard’s ideas contribute to capitalism?

A

Promotes selling stuff and benefitting from telling people what they want, not choosing what they want themselves.

27
Q

What is meant by a media saturated world?

A

A world of signs with little meaning.

28
Q

Opposition

How are ideas in postmodernism presented?

A

Oppositions

29
Q

Opposition

What is meant by the postmodern opposition ‘Presentation v Representation and Construction’?

A

There is no originally present idea or image.

Everything is represented, mediated and interpreted in various culutural, social and historical ways.

Everything is subjective.

30
Q

Opposition

What is meant by the postmodern opposition ‘Origin v Phenomena’?

A

There is no absolute truth/way to understand meaning.

Postmodernism deals with phenomena instead of original meaning.

31
Q

Opposition

What is meant by the postmodern opposition ‘Unity v Plurality?’

A

No one understands anything the same.

Postmodernism (like post-structuralism) focuses on plurality of meaning.

32
Q

What is similar between postmodernism and post-structuralism?

A

Both focus on plurality of meaning.

33
Q

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What is implosion?

A

Media’s constant recycling of itself and signs means there is no new material.

Meaning ‘implodes’ as info circulating through communication forms and structures emerge, flourish and then collapse.

34
Q

Baudrillard

What is the process of simulacra?

A

Basic copy

Corrupted second copy

Something new

Contemporary culture and late capitalism.

35
Q

Baudrillard

What is simulation?

A

End product of the process of simulacra.

36
Q

Baudrillard

How is hyperreality created?

A

In the simulation, there is no difference between representation and reality.

AY13 Media - Theories (24 decks)

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