Basically Quarter 2 But Starting At DNA

Question 1

Gregor Mendel

Answer 1

Discovered DNA in 1869
Discovered complete dominance inheritance patterns

Question 2

Erwin Chargaff

Answer 2

Discovered complementary base pairs are almost always equal

Question 3

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 3

Used X-Ray Diffraction to see the molecule of DNA (except it was low-key a chromosome)

Question 4

Rosalind Franklin’s X-Ray Diffraction

Answer 4

Showed double helix patterns and suggested two strands and chromosomes
Other clues suggested nitrogenous bases were in the center

Question 5

James Watson

Answer 5

Shown Franklin’s picture in 1953
Born in July 1928 and still alive

Question 6

Franklin’s Picture

Answer 6

Picture 51

Question 7

James Watson and Francis Crick

Answer 7

Made a model that showed how DNA carried info and could be copied
Proposed that DNA had specific pairing between nitrogenous bases
Won the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize

Question 8

DNA’s Spiral Coils Into:

Answer 8

The chromosome shape

Question 9

DNA

Answer 9

Deoxyribonucleic Acid - a long, thin molecule of heredity that contains the genetic information for life

Question 10

Nucleotides

Answer 10

A polymer made of monomers that contains a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 11

Complementary Base Pairs

Answer 11

The specific pairing between the nitrogenous bases (adenine to thymine, cytosine to guanine)

Question 12

Why are nitrogenous bases specific to connect?

Answer 12

Due to the structures of the molecules and hydrogen bonds

Question 13

Complementary Base Pairs Are Held Together By:

Answer 13

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 14

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone is Bonded With:

Answer 14

Strong covalent bonds

Question 15

Bond Between Adenine and Thymine:

Answer 15

Double hydrogen bond

Question 16

Bond Between Cytosine and Guanine:

Answer 16

Triple hydrogen bond

Question 17

Why do some organisms not have = base pair levels?

Answer 17

Evolving with adaptions or mutations

Question 18

DNA Accounts For:

Answer 18

Biodiversity

Question 19

All Living Things:

Answer 19

Have DNA

Question 20

What Makes Living Things Unique?

Answer 20

The number and order of nitrogenous bases/nucleotides

Question 21

Some Traits Come From:

Answer 21

Environmental conditions

Question 22

Portions of DNA Make:

Answer 22

Genes

Question 23

Genes

Answer 23

Usually code for proteins

Question 24

Most Info of DNA Was Discovered In:

Answer 24

1920s

Question 25

Francis Crick

Answer 25

Born in July 1916 and died July 2004

Question 26

Deoxyribose

Answer 26

A five-carbon sugar

Question 27

Double Helix

Answer 27

Shape of DNA molecule - allows DNA to be protected, continue forming, and spiral into a chromosome

Question 28

What scientists contributed to our current understanding of DNA?

Answer 28

Gregor Mendel, Erwin Chargaff, Rosalind Franklin, and James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 29

Heredity

Answer 29

Traits passed down from parents to offspring

Question 30

Gene Regulation

Answer 30

Genes being turned on/off due to necessity

Question 31

What is the form of a DNA molecule that makes it special?

Answer 31

Antiparallel

Question 32

The two strands of DNA held together with hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen bases are what?

Answer 32

Weak bonds between polar molecules