Basic Second Class Test Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Octet Rule?
A
- electrons are found only in specific “shells”
- atoms must fill inner shells completely first
- atoms are stable when the outer shell is full of electrons
- atoms tend to donate/share/accept electrons to obtain a full outer shell
- 2,8,8
2
Q
What are the three types of bonds?
A
- ionic
- covalent
- hydrogen
3
Q
What are ionic bonds?
A
involve the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal atom (opposite charges attract which causes a weak bond)
4
Q
What are covalent bonds?
A
- form between non-metal atoms that share electrons
- shared electrons must happen in pairs
5
Q
What is a double bond?
A
2 shared pairs in a covalent bond
6
Q
What is a Lewis Diagram?
A
- shows covalent bonds
- each shared pair of electrons is represented by a line
7
Q
Covalent bonds make up the majority of the group_________
A
living things
8
Q
What happens when water forms?
A
- H2O
- unequal sharing of electrons (oxygen is bigger)
- oxygen has a negative charge because it has a bigger share of electrons, hydrogen is positive
- dotted line= hydrogen bonds
9
Q
What is a polar molecule?
A
positive on one side, negative on the other
10
Q
What happens when water freezes?
A
the hydrogen bonds forces the water into a crystalline shape
