Basic Pathophysiology

Question 1

Anaphylaxis

ASCIA Definition?

Answer 1

• any acute onset illness with typical skin features, PLUS
  respiratory involvement +/-
  cardiovascular +/-
  persistent severe GI sx
  OR…
• any acute onset hypotension, bronchospasm, or upper airway obstruction where anaphylaxis is possible even without typical skin features

Question 2

Anaphylaxis

Patho?

Answer 2

> exposure to allergen sets off hyperreactive response
mast cells (histamine) in connective tissue (skin, lungs, GIT) and basophils in the blood rupture (degranulation) and release inflammatory mediators
inflammatory mediators cause localised vasodilation (and increased permeability) and bronchial smooth muscle contraction,

Question 3

Asthma

Definition?

Answer 3

.

Question 4

Asthma

Patho?

Answer 4

.

Question 5

APO

Definition?

Answer 5

= rapid build up of fluid in alveoli and lung connective tissue that has flowed out of pulmonary circulation

Question 6

APO (cardiogenic)

Patho?

Answer 6

> CO drops despite increased systemic resistance
blood returning to LA exceeds bloods leaving LV
pulmonary venous pressure increases
hydrostatic pressure in lungs exceeds oncotic pressure of the blood
fluid leaks out of capillaries.

Question 7

Sepsis

Definition?

Answer 7

.

Question 8

Sepsis

Patho?

Answer 8

.

Question 9

Acute Coronary Syndromes

Definition?

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Acute Coronary Syndromes

Patho?

Answer 10

.