Basic life support

Question 1

DRS ABC

Answer 1

danger
response
shout
airways
breathing
CPR

Question 2

danger

Answer 2

why has this occurred
what is the problem
did they fall
has there been an electric shock

Question 3

response

Answer 3

speak loud
ask a simple question
press shoulders to see if responsive

Question 4

shout

Answer 4

if collapsed pull/push any emergency buzzers
ask someone close by to wait

Question 5

airways

Answer 5

head tilt, chin lift to open the airway
fingers under the jaw, tilt the head back with other fingers
remove obvious obstructions from the airway
if neck trauma use a jaw thrust

Question 6

breathing

Answer 6

look for signs of normal breathing
chest rise and fall
watch for around 10 seconds
if abnormal or absent administer CPR

Question 7

CPR

Answer 7

call 999
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
repeat CPR 30:2
switch on the automated external defibrillator

Question 8

how to perform successful chest compressions

Answer 8

heel of hand on the lower half of the sternum
palm of the other hand on top and interlock fingers
straight arms
compress 5-6cm, rate of 100-120bpm, 30 compressions
allow the chest to recoil after each chest compression

Question 9

rescue breaths

Answer 9

perform 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths
head tilt chin lift to open the airway
pinch nose
seal the mouth, blow for one second and observe the chest rise
repeat then return to compressions
can use the pocket mask or face shield

Question 10

defibrillation

Answer 10

only works if they have a shockable rhythm such as ventricular fibrillation
connect the pads to the connector port, power and shock buttons
place pads on the upper right and the lower left side of the chest

Question 11

AED cycle

Answer 11

CPR and defib
pads
rhythm (will either be advised or not)
is not advised then resume CPR
if advised then stop CPR move away and shock, resume CPR

Question 12

recovery position

Answer 12

check for surrounding hazard, open injuries face up
move the arm closest to yourself and bend it 90 degrees palm up
move the patients other hand to the opposite side of the face
bend the leg furthest away, at the knee
roll patient towards me, hand and leg remains supported
check airways again when they’re on the side

Question 13

choking assessment if severe and unconscious

Answer 13

start CPR

Question 14

choking, severe, conscious

Answer 14

5 back blows
5 abdominal thrusts
repeat

Question 15

choking, mild

Answer 15

encourage cough
check for deterioration to ineffective cough/ until obstruction relieved

Question 16

back blows

Answer 16

lean patient forwards
between shoulder blades
heel of one hand
repeat 5 times
check obstruction is removed

Question 17

abdominal thrusts

Answer 17

arms around patient
fist one hand above the umbilicus, below the ribcage
other hand ontop
fist sharply pull in and up
repeat 5 times

Question 18

differences between adult and paediatric life support

Answer 18

in children
cover mouth and nose during rescue breaths
infants: 2 fingers/thumb compression, 4cm
child: 1 hand, 5m
rate of 15:2 compressions:RB
back blows face down
Chest thrusts in infants, use 2 fingers in line with the armpit, 5 chest thrusts and repeat 5:5
use paediatric AED, if only adult pads then one on front one on back
may have to alter energy levels on AED