Basic Chem Flashcards
Atoms
The smallest units of an element that still has the properties of that element
Elements
Substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances
Molecules
2 or more atoms that are chemically bonded together (can be same or different atoms)
Compounds
2 or more different types of atoms that are chemically joined together
What elements are living things made of?
C H O P S N
What are isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different #s of neutrons
Ions
Atoms or molecules with positive or negative charges
Ionic Bond
Attraction between oppositely charged ions due to the transfer of electrons
Covalent Bond
When two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Polar Covalent Bonds
Unequal sharing of electrons, this gives one atom a slightly positive charge and one atom a slightly negative charge making a polar molecule
Hydrogen Bond
The weak bond formed between a slightly positive hydrogen atom in one molecule and a slightly negative hydrogen atom in another molecule, this is why water bonds to itself and why water is liquid at room temperature and not a gas
What pH number indicates a neutral pH
7
what pH number(s) indicates a Acidic pH
anything under 7
what pH number(s) indicates a Basic pH
anything above 7
What does pH measure?
The amount of H+ and OH- in solution (Acid = more H+, Base = more OH-, Neutral = equal amounts of OH and H+)
