Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

Making of RNA from DNA takes place in nucleus

1. Initiation
   RNA polymerase attaches to the prometer region of the DNA
2. Elongation
   RNA Polymerase unwinds DNA + adds complementary nucleotides to build mRNA
3. Termination
   RNA polymerase reaches terminator region on DNA and mRNA is released from the nucleus

Question 2

Translation

Answer 2

Using Codon sequence in mRNA to assemble the amino acids in a protein,
takes place on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm

It starts when codon on mRNA arrives at ribosome

stops when stop codon reaches A site
Release factors bind and tRNA releases the polypeptide
ribosome releases mRNA and tRNA

Question 3

Introns VS. Exons

Answer 3

Introns are the segments of mRNA that do not code for proteins that are removed during splicing

Exons are the segments of mRNA that code for proteins that are NOT removed during splicing

Question 4

mRNA and tRNA

Answer 4

mRNA = codons
tRNA = anticodons