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MIDTERMS > BASC108A > Flashcards

BASC108A Flashcards

1
Q

Cattle originated from what word?

A

Chattel (possession)

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2
Q

Estimated number of cattle in the world.

A

1.3 Billion

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3
Q

What continents are cattle first domesticated?

A

Europe and Asia

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4
Q

Two ancient ancestor of cattle

A

Bos taurus and Bos indicus

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5
Q

Bos taurus is a mixture of?

A

Bos primigenius (Aurochs) and Bos longifrons (Celtic Shorthorns)

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6
Q

Estimated number of breeds of sheep in the world

A

More than 200

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7
Q

Ancestors of present-day sheeps

A

Moufflons and Asiatic urial

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8
Q

Goats are adapted from what ancestor?

A

Bezoar Ibex (Capra aegagrus)

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9
Q

Bezoar Ibexes are native to?

A

Southern slopes of Zagros and Taurus mountains in Iran, Iraq and Turkey

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10
Q

How many days can a bull detect a cow prior to its in-heat period?

A

1-2 days

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11
Q

Position of sheep when urinating

A

Squat position

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12
Q

Is goat browsers or grazes?

A

Browsers

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13
Q

Is cattle browsers or grazers?

A

Grazers

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14
Q

Sheeps have bitter taste than goats. True or False?

A

False

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15
Q

Carabao has what instinct?

A

Wallowing

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16
Q

How many percentage of ingesta is being fermented by microbes?

A

60 - 75%

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17
Q

The regurgitation, rechewing and re-swallowing of ingested food

A

Rumination

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18
Q

Mass of regurgitated ingest

A

Cud

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19
Q

Other term for cud

A

Bolus

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20
Q

How many gallons of saliva does a cattle secretes in day?

A

12 gallons

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21
Q

How many gallons of saliva does a sheep secretes in day?

A

2 gallons

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22
Q

There are enzymes in the sheep saliva. True or False?

A

False

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23
Q

Sheep saliva has a high or low pH?

A

High

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24
Q

Muscle contractions in esophagus move in both directions. True or False?

A

True

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25
Q

There are sphincter valve in the esophagus of ruminants. True or False?

A

False

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26
Q

Other term for abomasum

A

True stomach

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27
Q

What is the location of rumen in the body?

A

Left side of abdomen

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28
Q

Rumen has villi or papillae lining?

A

Papillae

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29
Q

Is the rumen functional at birth?

A

No

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30
Q

Temperature of rumen

A

39 degrees Celcius

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31
Q

What is the type of digestion in rumen?

A

Fermentation

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32
Q

Fermentation in rumen is aerobic. True or False?

A

False

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33
Q

What is the maximum content of rumen in a 150lb ewe? (Answer in gallons)

A

5 - 10 gallons

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33
Q

What is the maximum content of rumen in a 1000lb cow? (Answer in gallons)

A

55 - 60 gallons

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34
Q

Normal content of rumen in a 1000lb cow.

A

25 - 30 gallons

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35
Q

Normal content of rumen in a 150lb ewe.

A

3 - 5 gallons

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36
Q

What is the pH of rumen?

A

6.5 - 6.8

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37
Q

This VFA comes from cellulose.

A

Acetic acid

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38
Q

Ionophore feed additives increases the production of propionic acid. True or False?

A

True

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39
Q

This VFA comes from starch.

A

Propionic Acid

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40
Q

What are the chemical compounds given off in acetic acid in order to form pyruvic acid?

A

CO2 and CH4

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41
Q

This VFA is derived from acetic acid.

A

Butyric acid

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42
Q

What is the location of reticulum in the body?

A

Located next to heart

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43
Q

What is the appearance of reticulum?

A

Honeycomb

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44
Q

Reticulum does not secret enzymes. True or False?

A

True

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45
Q

The reticulum is sometimes referred to as?

A

Hardware stomach

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46
Q

It is the veterinary recommended treatment for hardware disease.

A

Cow magnets

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46
Q

Other term for omasum.

A

Manyplies/Butcher’s Bible

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47
Q

What is the shape of omasum?

A

Spherical

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48
Q

Why does chief cells in abomasum secrete mucous?

A

To protect the abomasal wall from acid damage

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48
Q

Give the three small intestine section (in order).

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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48
Q

Does abomasum secretes enzymes?

A

Yes

49
Q

What is the pH in the abomasum?

A

3.5 - 4

50
Q

How long is the small intestine in a mature cow?

A

150 feet

51
Q

Capacity of small intestine. (Answer in gallons)

A

20 gallons

52
Q

What are the finger like projection in small intestine?

A

Villi

53
Q

What is secreted into the first section of small intestine?

A

Bile from gallbladder

54
Q

What are the three sections in large intestine?

A

Colon, rectum, anus

55
Q

Where is the site of water absorption in large intestine?

A

Colon

56
Q

Calves are considered non-ruminants at what age?

A

2-3 months

57
Q

What is the largest stomach compartment in calf at birth?

A

Abomasum

58
Q

In the absence of functional reticulorumen, the calf depends on?

A

Digestive enzymes

59
Q

The digestive enzymes of calves are release from what ruminant body parts?

A

Abomasum and small intestine

60
Q

Rumen in calf at birth has population of microorganisms. True or False?

A

False

61
Q

Immature ruminants are not allowed to access feeds containing urea.

A

True

62
Q

What are the gases that cause bloating in cows?

A

CO2 and methane

63
Q

Medium sized cow with a smooth dark red colored coat with white tail switches.

A

Sussex

64
Q

Oldest known British breed of record.

A

Galloway

65
Q

Black in color, smooth hair and produces desirable carcass of high quality and well-marbled meat.

A

Aberdeen-Angus

65
Q

Red, white, or roan. Short horns that curve inward.

A

Shorthorn

66
Q

White faces and red bodies.

A

Hereford

67
Q

Capable of withstanding more severe weather conditions.

A

Galloway

67
Q

Popular for crossbreeding.

A

Highland/West-Highland

68
Q

Long, coarse outer coat of hair with a soft, thick undercoat.

A

Highland/West-Highland

69
Q

One of the smallest of the beef breeds.

A

Galloway

70
Q

These breeds originated in southern Asia.

A

Zebu Cattle

71
Q

Largest ears of any cattle breeds.

A

Indu-Brazil

72
Q

Indu-Brazil is developed from?

A

Gir, Kankrej, Ongole

73
Q

Tend to have unpredictable disposition, low cold tolerance, late maturity, and low fertility.

A

Brahman

74
Q

Has notable physical strength and is unexcelled in its ability to thrive under harsh climatic, nutritional and sanitary conditions.

A

Nelore/Ongole

75
Q

Developed in Queensland between 1946 and 1952.

A

Braford

76
Q

What percentage of shorthorn in Sta. Gertrudis?

A

5/8 or 62.5%

77
Q

What percentage of the angus component in Brangus?

A

62.5%

78
Q

What percentage of hereford in Braford?

A

50%

79
Q

Cherry red breed.

A

Sta. Gertrudis

80
Q

Undesirable traits include nervousness, late maturing, low productive efficiency and have a pendulous sheath in bulls.

A

Sta. Gertrudis

81
Q

Its milk has high butterfat content of 5%

A

Guernsey

82
Q

Its milk has 3.3% protein

A

Milking Shorthorn

83
Q

Its milk has 3.95% protein

A

Jersey

84
Q

Its milk has 4.84% butterfat content

A

Jersey

85
Q

In 305 days, it produces 20,000 pounds of milk.

A

Holstein-Friesian

85
Q

What specific island is Guernsey originated from?

A

Channel Islands

86
Q

Native to Switzerland and probably one of the oldest breeds in existence.

A

Brown Swiss

87
Q

The milk of Guernsey has a golden-yellow tingue due to what?

A

High B-carotene content

88
Q

In 305 days, it produces 15,000 pounds of milk.

A

Milking Shorthorn

89
Q

Also known as White Sindhi.

A

Tharparkar

90
Q

Its milk has 3.8% butterfat.

A

Milking Shorthorn

91
Q

Its milk has 3.7 protein content.

A

Guernsey

92
Q

B-carotene is provitamin for vitamin?

A

Vitamin A

93
Q

What is the origin country of Tharparkar?

A

Pakistan

94
Q

It also originated in Channel Islands.

A

Jersey

95
Q

This breed gives 3000-3500 kg of annually.

A

Tharparkar

96
Q

Also known as Cutchi.

A

Tharparkar

97
Q

Generally, they are fine, big, upstanding, active and docile, with white and gray color.

A

Nagauri

98
Q

The archaeological evidence of buffalo domestication is found in?

A

Mesopotamia and valley of Indus

99
Q

The archaeological evidence of buffalo domestication is found on what period?

A

2000 B.C.

100
Q

What is the height of Tamaraw?

A

about 1 meter

101
Q

What is the weight of Tamaraw?

A

300 kilograms

102
Q

Chromosome number of riverine type buffalo

A

48

103
Q

Chromosome number of swamp type buffalo

A

50

104
Q

A breed of carabao that has 6.5% butterfat content in its milk.

A

Kundhi

105
Q

The peculiarity of this breed of carabao is its two white collars.

A

Surti

106
Q

900-1400 kg of milk yield in 270 days

A

Mediterranean Buffalo

107
Q

Milk yield of 1800 kg.

A

Bulgarian Murrah Buffalo

108
Q

Milk fat of 7.04%

A

Bulgarian Murrah Buffalo

108
Q

Milk yield of 1200-1300 kg in 200-220 days

A

Azeri/Caucasian

109
Q

Milk fat of 8-12%

A

Surti

110
Q

Milk fat of 6.6%

A

Azeri/Caucasian

111
Q

Yields around 1200 kg in around 280 days

A

Egyptian

112
Q

Heaviest of all the Indian Breeds

A

Jaffarabadi

113
Q

Milk yield ranges from 900 - 1300 kg

A

Surti

114
Q

Average lactation milk yield is 2238.7 kg in 305 days

A

Jaffarabadi

115
Q

Pride of Haryana

A

Murrah

116
Q

7.68% of Milk Fat

A

Jaffarabadi

117
Q

14-15 liters daily milk production

A

Murrah

118
Q

Milk fat of 8%

A

Mediterranean Buffalo

119
Q

A rare condition characterized by a lock of pigment in an animal’s body, making them look white with red eyes.

A

Albinism

120
Q

Albinism may produce additional anomalies like?

A

Hearing and vision problems

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