[🧠] Bandura et al. (aggression) Flashcards
Sample size
Bandura et al.
72
36 girls, 36 boys
Age of sample
Bandura et al.
37 - 69 months
Where did the subjects come from?
Bandura et al.
Stanford University Nursery School
What were the five aggressive responses standardised for aggressive models?
Bandura et al.
- “Kick him…”
- “Pow…”
- “Sock him in the nose…”
- “Hit him down…”
- Throw him in the air…”
What were the two nonaggressive responses standardised for aggressive models?
Bandura et al.
- “He keeps coming back for more”
- “He sure is a tough fella”
Define
Delayed imitation
Bandura et al.
Delayed imitation is when someone witnesses a behaviour at one time point but only reproduces the behaviour at a different time point
This was seen when the children imitated behaviours in the final room
Define
Social Learning Theory
Bandura et al.
Social Learning Theory is a theory that social behaviour is “learnt by proxy” - by observing and imitating others
Sampling technique
Bandura et al.
opportunity sampling
Experimental Design
Bandura et al.
Independent groups, Matched-Pairs design
Research methods
Bandura et al.
Laboratory experiment and observation
Hypotheses
Bandura et al.
- children exposed to the aggressive model will reproduce aggressive behaviour
- children exposed to the non-aggressive model will reproduce non-aggressive behaviour
- children will imitate the same-sex model to a greater extent than of the opposite sex
- boys will be more predisposed than girls towards aggression
Results showing
Same-sex imitation
Bandura et al.
Boy + Aggressive F ~ 12.4
Boy + Aggressive M ~ 25.8
Results showing
Male domination in physical aggression
Bandura et al.
Girls + Aggressive M ~ 7.2
Boys + Aggressive M ~ 25.8
Results showing
Male domination in verbal aggression
Girls + Aggressive M ~ 2.0
Boys + Aggressive M ~ 12.7
Results showing that
model’s non-aggressive behaviour was also imitated
⅓ of participants repeated non-aggressive comments
for non-aggressive/control conditions, no participants repeated non-aggressive comments
Aims of Bandura et al. (aggression)
- to investigate observational learning of aggression
- to investigate whether children would reproduce aggressive behaviour when the model was absent
- to investigate gender differences in the learning of aggression
Independent variables of Bandura et al.
- Behaviour of model (aggressive/non-aggressive
- Sex of model
- Sex of child
Dependent variable of Bandura et al. (aggression)
Amount of behaviour observed in 8 experimental groups
How were children sorted into the 8 experimental groups in Bandura et al. (aggression)?
Pre-experiment
Children matched for their levels of
* physical and verbal aggressions
* aggression towards inanimate objects
* aggressive inhibition
How were the children in Bandura et al. assessed before being categorised into experimental groups?
Experimenter and a nursery teacher rated (51) children independently on a 4 five-point scale.
Inter-rater reliability score = 0.89
From the Modelling Behaviour stage, describe
the model’s corner
- opposite to the participants’ corner
- small table
- tinker toy set
- mallet
- 5-foot inflated Bobo doll
From the Modelling Behaviour stage, describe
the participant’s corner
- small table
- potato prints w/ variety of geometrical shapes
- picture stickers - attractive, multicoloured; animals, flowers and western figures; to paste on a pastoral scene
Why were specific activities given for the participant in the Modelling Behaviour stage?
The activities were established by previous studies to be of high interest value to the children at the nursery school
Modelling Behaviour stage: what did the aggressive model do?
1 MIN: model assembled tinker toys
9 MIN: model turns to Bobo and aggresses towards it
Modelling Behaviour stage: what did the non-aggressive model do?
Assembled the tinker toys
in a quiet, subdued manner
ignoring the Bobo