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RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 2017 > Bandages, Splints, and Casts > Flashcards

Bandages, Splints, and Casts Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Bandages

A 
Promote healing 
Protect wounds
Absorption 
Elimination dead space
Apply or relieve pressure 
Modulate pain 
Stabilize
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2
Q

What does Dead space cause?

A

seroma formation and hematomas

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3
Q

What does applying pressure minimize?

A

edema formation

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4
Q

3 primary components of bandages

A

Primary Layer
Secondary layer
Tertiary layer

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5
Q

Primary Layer

A 
Directly contacts wound or patient surface
Final barrier 
Absorbs/transfers to secondary layer 
Maintains moist wound environment 
Sterile
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6
Q

Secondary layer

A

Should never contact wound

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7
Q

Tertiary layer

A

outermost layer

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8
Q

What are some adherent dressings?

A

Dry to Dry

Wet to Dry

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9
Q

Non adherent dressing

A

Used for healthy tissue

Granulation tissue

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10
Q

What determines the type of dressing used?

A

Phase of wound healing
Amount of exudate
Presence of infection or necrosis

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11
Q

Wet to Dry Dressing

A

Wet bandage applied to the wound to help absorb through osmosis through the primary layer into the secondary layer

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12
Q

Dry to Dry Dressing

A

Placement of dry sterile adherent gauze to an open wound

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13
Q

What dressing is not commonly used?

A

Dry to Dry Dressing

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14
Q

What is the disadvantage of Dry to Dry Dressing?

A

Painful to remove

Can dry and damage healing tissue

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15
Q

What is the most common adherent dressing?

A

Wet to Dry Dressing

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16
Q

What are the advantages of Wet to Dry Dressings?

A

Provides hydration
Dilutes exudate
Wicks exudate
Removes necrotic tissue

17
Q

What are the disadvantages of Wet to Dry Dressing?

A

Can damage healthy tissue

Painful to remove

18
Q

When do you use Wet to Dry Dressings?

A

Use early in wound management (3-5 days)

19
Q

What tissue do you not use Wet to Dry Dressings on?

A

Healthy tissue

20
Q

Advantages of Non Adherent Dressings?

A

Provides Moisture

Allows absorption

21
Q

Functions of Secondary Layer

A 
Adsorb and hold drainage from wound 
Provide support or immobilization 
Decrease dead space 
Reduce edema
Control hemorrhage 
Holds primary dressing in place
22
Q

What is the criteria for the thickness of the secondary layer?

A 
Amount of discharge/absorption 
Amount of pressure required
Amount of support 
Immobilization 
Protection
23
Q

What so you leave digits exposed?

A

monitor for cold and swelling

24
Q

What are the rules for application of the secondary layer?

A

Leave digits 3 and 4 exposed if possible
Overlap approx 50%
Apply distal to proximal on limbs
Should never contact wound
Can incorporate splints or cats for greater stability
Change before exudate reaches tertiary layer
Bandage at normal functional angle

25
Q

What can happen if exudate reaches the tertiary layer of the bandage?

A

Bacterial strike through

26
Q

What do you use to Anchor bandages?

A 
Stirrups
Tape Overlay 
Torso Strap 
Tie over bandage
Patch bandage
Fur incorporation
27
Q

Where do you use Tie over bandage?

A

Used in areas where circumferential bandage is difficult

28
Q

What suture is used for Tie Over Bandage?

A

Nonabsorbable monofilament suture

29
Q

Patch Bandage

A

Used to protect incision lines post op

Areas that cannot place circumferential bandage

30
Q

What are things to look for with bandages?

A 
Pain 
Discomfort 
Foul odor
Swollen/cold digits
Drainage or discharge
Mutilation 
Fever
31
Q

Modified Robert Jones Bandage

A

Protects wounds
Little support
Little compression

32
Q

Reinforced Modified Robert Jones

A

Adds additional support for minimally displaced stable fractures

33
Q

Spica Splint

A

Temporary splint for fractures or luxations proximal to or including the elbow or stifle
Provides immobilization of upper extremities

34
Q

When do you use Velpeau Sling?

A

Immobilization after reduction of shoulder luxation

Primary stabilization for some scapular fractures

35
Q

Ehmers Sling

A

Creates non weight bearing hind limb
provides femoral abduction
Inward hip rotation
Indication after reduction of cranial dorsal hip luxation

36
Q

Indications for Pelvic Limb Sling

A

Tibial or femoral fracture repair

Post-op coxofemoral or stifle surgery

37
Q

Indications for a full leg cast

A

used as adjunct following internal fixation or arthrodesis

38
Q

What are the contraindications of a full leg cast?

A

Wounds
Significant inflammation
Femur or humerus

39
Q

Metacarpal/Metatarsal Splints

A

Used for fractures at or below carpus

Additional support following fractures, luxations and arthrodesis

RUSVM Small Animal Surgery 2017 (17 decks)

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