Balancing animal welfare and the need of biomedical research Flashcards
When are the biomedical research applicable
– Obtain information relevant to understanding humans
– Obtain information relevant to understanding animals
– Maintain & improve human health and welfare
– Maintain & improve animal health and welfare
What are the most common used model for bioresearch
mice
Are the data valuable if the animal are health?
yes
What are the three Rs in biomedical research
Replace, Reduce, refine
What does replace mean
replace the animal used with something method
What does reduce mean
Reduction of animal used
reduce repetition
Reduce control
What does refine mean
Refinement of techniques to reduce the impact on animals
suitability of animals
techniques
avoid and minimise error
Waht are the variability
Stress
infection
pain
Reduced variability = clearer outcomes
What will sheep do when they are stress
teeth grinding
How do you optimise well being and outcome
Sterile condition
experiment (in situ)
Enrichment
acclimatisation
Ways to improve in situ
checking the stress level of animals, some may need other animals in order to feel safer
How do you acclimatise
allow animals to get use to us, train them to get used to hand feed etc
What is the Ovine model of tachycardia-induced heart failure
– Once acclimatised they are very easy to handle,.
– They have similar cardiovascular anatomy and
electrophysiology to humans.
– We use adult sheep
Model of Heart Failure
High Rate Pacing • sheep • chronic & stable for multiple interventions • translatable • mitral regurgitation & atrial fibrillation Myocardial Infarct Model • acute and chronic Blood flowing into the wrong place
Analysis Tools for Ovine Tools
Hemodynamics • pressure and derivatives • Volcano Flow and Pressure wire • clinical pathology Echocardiography • transthoracic & intra-cardiac Flouroscopy CT Scanner MRI
