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Ther Ex II > Balance > Flashcards

Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Ability to perform smooth, accurate, controlled movements. Requires proximal stability

A

coordination

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2
Q

ability to maintain COG over BOS

A

balance

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3
Q

Balance requires a pt to have…(3)

A
  1. posture
  2. stabilization
  3. react to perturbations
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4
Q

limit of shift while balance is maintained

A

limits of stability

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5
Q

3 systems involved with balance

A
  1. visual
  2. vestibular
  3. somatosensory
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6
Q

system that involves relative location of body parts. involves proprioception and kinesthesia

A

somatosensory

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7
Q

part of somatosensory system that provides info about jt position. Proprioception

A

Ruffini endings

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8
Q

part of somatosensory system that provides info about jt movement. kinesthesia

A

Pacinian corpuscles

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9
Q

part of somatosensory system that provides danger info/nociception

A

free nerve endings

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10
Q

provides info regarding orientation of head in space and acceleration of the head/body

A

vestibular system

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11
Q

pathway from three systems to brain

A

3 systems- cerebellum- basal ganglia- motor area

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12
Q

use pre-programmed, automatic responses. used for simple tasks

A

feedforward output

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13
Q

movement relies on sensory info. used for precision movements.

A

feedback output

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14
Q

functional coupling of groups of mm so they must act together as a unit.

A

synergies

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15
Q

synergies are what kind of output

A

feedforward

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16
Q

factors influencing which synergies are chosen (3)

A
  1. support surface
  2. displacing forces
  3. pt’s awareness
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17
Q

what are 3 main synergy strategies

A
  1. ankle
  2. hip
  3. step
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18
Q

muscle activation for ankle strategy

A

distal to prox

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19
Q

muscle activation for hip strategy

A

prox to distal

20
Q

stepping strategy may or may not…

A

correct balance

21
Q

synergy where weight shifts from one leg to the other

A

weight shift strategy

22
Q

COG is quickly lowered by flexing knees, ankles, and hips

A

suspension strategy

23
Q

balance impairments are caused by deficits in…(3)

A
  1. sensory input
  2. sensory processing
  3. motor output
24
Q

unplanned, unexpected contact with a supporting surface

A

fall

25
Q

most falls occur during (3)

A
  1. walking
  2. turning
  3. stairs
26
Q

what is the single best predictor of future fall risk

A

lateral stability

27
Q

patient education for falls includes (2)

A
  1. AD

2. Home assessment

28
Q

2 static balance tests

A
  1. vary BOS

2. vary visual input

29
Q

4 dynamic balance tests

A
  1. functional reach
  2. TUG
  3. 30 sec chair stand
  4. 4 stage
30
Q

when challenging balance consider (4)

A
  1. gait belt
  2. support structure
  3. guarding
  4. environment
31
Q

balance progression from static to dynamic (3)

A
  1. static trunk
  2. dynamic trunk
  3. static trunk, dynamic extremities
32
Q

physiological justification for improving balance

A

motor learning

33
Q

filled with endolymph and detect acceleration

A

semicircular canals

34
Q

respond to linear acceleration and static head tilt

A

saccule and utricle

35
Q

illusion of movement, sense the environment moving

A

vertigo

36
Q

felling that fainting is about to occur

A

light headedness

37
Q

sensation of being off balance

A

dysequilibrium

38
Q

experience of motion of objects that are known to be stationary

A

oscillopsia

39
Q

most common cause of dizziness. otoconia move to areas where they don’t belong

A

BPPV

40
Q

test to diagnose BPPV

A

Dix-Hallpike

41
Q

BPPV treatments (3)

A
  1. Epley
  2. Semont
  3. Brandt-Daroff
42
Q

Contraindications for vestibular rehab

A
  1. tinnitus
  2. acute neck injury
  3. pressure in ear
43
Q

The vestibular system receives input from the…

A

Visual system

44
Q

Treating balance should be a…

A

Multi system approach

45
Q

Vestibular system function (2)

A
  1. Stabilize visual images

2. Maintain postural stability

Ther Ex II (9 decks)

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