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ID Review > Bacteriology - MICRO LAB > Flashcards

Bacteriology - MICRO LAB Flashcards

1
Q

Way differentiate gram-positive cocci Staph versus strep?

A

Staph is catalase +

Strep is Catalase (-)

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2
Q

Way to differentiate Step epidermidis from saprophyticus?

A

Novobicin test.

saprophyticus is resistant to novobicin.

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3
Q

What are the 2 beta hemolytic strep?

A

Strep pyogens [GAS]

S. agalactiae [GBS]

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4
Q

How are GAS and GBS differentiated?

A

GAS: Bacitracin sensitive
GBS: Resistant

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5
Q

What list the GPC, catalase negative, alpha and gamma hemolytic [4]

A
  1. S. pneumo
  2. Viridans group strep
  3. Enterococcus
  4. S. bovis
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6
Q

What is the purpose of the optochin test?

A

Catalase negative alpha/gamma GPC:

–> Strep pneumo is sensitive to optochin and will be killed, removing it as a possibility

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the bile esculin test?

A

Catalase negative alpha/gamma GPC:

–> Only GDS and Enterococcus are positive, excludes viridans strep and strep pneumo.

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8
Q

What is the point of the 6.5% NaCl growth test?

A

Catalase negative alpha/gamma, bile esculin + GPC:

–> Only Enterococcus species can grow, inhibits strep bovis [GDS]

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the tellurite test?

A

Catalase negative alpha/gamma, bile esculin +, 6.5% NaCl growth test + GPC:
–> Differentiates E. faecalis from E. faecium.
E. faecalis reduces tellurite to tellium, turing the media black.
E. faecium does not.

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10
Q

Three medically important gram negative cocci?

A
  1. Moraxella catarrhalis
  2. N. gonorrhoeae
  3. N. meningitidis
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11
Q

What does M. catarrhalis ferment?

A

Nothing

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12
Q

What does N. gonorrhoeae ferment?

A

Glucose

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13
Q

What does N. meningitidis ferment?

A

Maltose and glucose

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14
Q

Which GNDC can reduce nitrates?

A

M. catarrhalis

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15
Q

Which GNDC is oxidase +?

A

ALL 3

–> Positive means cytochrome c is present

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16
Q

Which GPR are spore forming? [3]

A

Clostridium
B. cereus
B. anthacis

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17
Q

How is bacillus separated from clostridium species?

A

Bacillus is aerobic

Clostridium is anaerobic

18
Q

How is B. anthacis separated from B. cereus? [3]

A

GBR, spore forming, aerobic

  • -> B. anthacis is penicillin sensitive, B. cereus is NOT.
  • -> B. cereus is MOTILE, anthacis is not
  • -> B. cereus is beta hemolytic, anthracis is not
19
Q

What are the non-spore forming GPR?

A 
A. haemolyticum
Corynebacterium
E. rhusiopathiae
G. vaginalis
Lactobacillus
Listeria
Nocardia
20
Q

Which GPR are beta hemolytic? [3]

A

A. haemolyticum
B. cereus
L. monocytogenes

21
Q

Which GPR are catalase positive? [3]

A

Bacillus
C. diphtheriae
L. monocytogenes

22
Q

Which GPR are catalase negative [3]

A

A. haemolyticum
Erysipelothrix
Lactobacillus

23
Q 
How should C. diphtheriae be evaluated?
Morphology on gram stain?
Spore forming?
Motility?
Medium to enhance growth? [2]
Special features on stain?
A

GPR
+ Catalase
NON-SPORE forming
NON-Motile
–> Loffler’s medium inhibits other throat flora and enhances typical metachromasia [methylene blue stain will highlight this
–> Tellurite plate highlights reduction of tellurium salt

24
Q

Gram stain shows GPR with large boxcar appearance. +/- spores. Ddx?

A
  • Clostridium

- Bacillus

25
Q

GPR with small palisading arrangement on gram stain. Ddx? [3]

A

Corynebacterium species
Arcanobacterium hemolyticum
Listeria monocytogenes

26
Q

What is a clostidium species that will stain GRAM NEGATIVE ROD?

A

Clostridium tertium

27
Q

What are the biochemical characteristics of ALL GRN that are enterobacteriaceae?

  • -> Catalase?
  • -> Oxidase?
  • -> Nitrate reduction?
  • -> Glucose fermentation?
A
  1. Catalase +
  2. Oxidase -
  3. Nitrate reducers
  4. Glucose fermenters
28
Q

List all enterobacteriaceae [13]

A
  1. Escherichia
  2. Klebsiella
  3. Hafnia
  4. Proteus
  5. Salmonella
  6. Serratia
  7. Shigella
  8. Yersinia
  9. Providencia
  10. Enterobacter
  11. Morganella
  12. Citrobacter
  13. Edwardsiella
29
Q

List the GRN that are NOT enterobacteriaceae that ferment lactose. [4]

A
  1. Aeromonas
  2. Pasteurella
  3. Plesiomonas
  4. Vibrio
30
Q

List the GRN that are NOT enterobacteriaceae that do NOT ferment glucose. [6]

A 
Acinetobacter
Alcaligenes
Burkholderia
Flavobacterium
Pseudomonas
Stenotrophomonas
31
Q

List the GRN that are NOT enterobacteriaceae that do DO ferment glucose. [4]

A

Aeromonas
Pasteurella
Plesiomonas
Vibrio

32
Q

Which GRN produce H2S? [4]

A

Citrobacter freundii
Edwardsiella tarda
Proteus [both vulgaris and mirabelis]
Salmonella

33
Q

Which GRN ferment lactose? [5]

A 
E. coli
Enterobacter aerogens, cloacae
Citrobacter [50%]
Vibrio vulnificus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
34
Q

Which GRN are oxidase positive? [12]

A 
NOTE: NO enterobacteraciae are oxidase positive.
Aeromonas
Plesiomonas
Pseudomonas
Alcaligenes
Burkholderia
Campylobavter jejuni
Flaobacterium
H. pylori
Kingella
Pasteurella
Vibrio cholerae, parahaemolyticus
35
Q

Which GRN that are NON-enterobacteraciae are oxidase negative?

A

NOTE: ALL enterobacteraciae are oxidase negative.
Acinetobacter
Klebsiella pneumonia
Stenotrophomonas

36
Q

Which enterobacteraciae are indole positive? [4]

A

E. coli
P. vulgaris
Providencia
Morganella

37
Q

Which non-enterobacteraciae are indole positive? [5]

A 
K. oxytoca
Vibrio
Aeromonas
Plesiomonas
Pasteurella
38
Q

Which enterobacteraciae are indole negative? [4]

A

Salmonella
Enterobacter
Serratia
P. mirabilis

39
Q

Which non-enterobacteraciae are indole negative?

A

Klebsiella

Pseudmonas

40
Q

What culture media is used for pertussis?

A

Bordet-Gengou [previous]

Regan-Lowe [current]

41
Q

Describe stenotrophomonas resistance pattern

A

Resistant to the following routinely…

  1. Pencillins
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Aminoglycosides
  4. Carbapenems
42
Q

Treatment of choice for steno?

A

Bactrim

ID Review (25 decks)

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