bacteriology 1.5

Question 1

Diptheria

Answer 1

pseudomembrane in throat, can cause suffocation, in blood it can lead to organ failure.

lethal dose of DT is ~ .1 mg/kg

1st disease attributed to single toxin

Question 2

diptheria toxin

Answer 2

used in DTP vaccine.

Question 3

botulinum toxin

Answer 3

botulinum (BoNTs) absorbed form stomach. HONEY
1-5 ng/kg VERY lethal
interacts with periph nerves.

Question 4

Tetanus toxin

Answer 4

leading cause of infant death.

spastic paralysis

Question 5

how have toxins helped medicine?

Answer 5

vaccines!

botox, immunotoxins- for tumors.

chronic pain treatment.

Question 6

alexander flemming

Answer 6

penicillin discovery.

Question 7

penicillin

Answer 7

breaks down peptidoglycan layer in both G- and G+

Question 8

Antibiotic targets

Answer 8

cell wall synth, RNA synth, DNA replication, Protin synth, amino acyl tRNA synthetase, folic acid synthesis.

Question 9

antibiotic resistance

Answer 9

horizontal gene transfer or straight up mutation after survival.

Question 10

how do bacteria develop resistance?

Answer 10

look up

Question 11

intrinsic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Answer 11

efflux pump

Question 12

antibiotic resistance by modification of target

Answer 12

change their antigen, or target so that antibiotic cant bind well.