Antibacterials 1.1 Flashcards
how many hospital infections are G- bacteria?
30%
MRSA
methicillin resistant
classification of antibiotics
bacteriostatic
bacteriocidal
bacteriostatic
stops growth
bacteriocidal
kills bac
cell wall synth inhibitors
beta lactam- penicillin
Others- cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams.
bata lactam
four member ring.
PBPs
build new cell wall during division. b lactic bind PBPs and weaken cell wall resulting in death.
both G+ and some G-
penicillin mechanism of action
know the different kinds of penicillin.
adverse reactions
*hypersensitivity to penecilloic acid* diarrhea nephritis neurotoxicity hemolytic anemia.
Naf
staph
cephalosporins
divided into 4 generations
1st to 4th more G-, broad spec.
1st-PEcK
2nd-HENPEK
3rd- *very important, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxome. treat meningitis. Tri to TAX TAZ
4th- cefipime
5th- ceftaroline against pseudomonas and MRSA
Carbapenems and Monobactam
Beta lactamase inhibitors
clavulcanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam.
Vancomycin
when bugs are resistant to other drugs.
daptomycin
when bugs are resistant to vancomycin
red man syndrome
Vancomycin toxicity
Aminoglycosides
inhibit 30S subunit of initiation complex and blocks translocation
wide range spectrum
Tetracyclines
inhibit 30S subunit preventing attachment of ammoniacal-tRNA
50s inhibitors
chloraphanicol, clindamycin, macrolides, linezolid, strptogramin
Fluoroquinolones
Oxasins
Target DNA gyros
active against pseudomonas.
metronidazole
forms free radicals that damage DNA
Get GAP on the Metro
nitrofurantoin
intermediates damage DNA, ribosomes
urinary tract infections
hepatotoxicity
sulfonamides
target dihydrofolic synthase
TB / leprosy drugs
rifampin…
MRSA
Vancomycin, etc. what are effective against it?
Pseudomonas
9 drugs effective against it.
