Bacterial Pathogenesis Flashcards
what are the key clinical themes of microbiology
detection
treatment
prevention
what is a pathogen
an organism capable of causing disease
what is a commensal
an organism that is part of the normal flora
what is pathogenecity
the ability to cause disease
what is virulence
the ability to cause severe disease
what is the life cycle of a pathogen
enter
attach
colonise
evade host immunity
produce harmful proteins
disseminate
release from host
what are microorganisms
agents of infectious diseases that are ubiquitous in nature and in the body
most are harmless
while some are confined to one host, most microbes can live in a wide array of hosts.
plant microbes are harmless to humans
what are microorganisms divided into
bacteria
fungi
viruses
prions
parasites
are parasites relevant in dentistry
not really
what is microbiology
the study of microscopic organisms.
what are the subdisciplines of microbiology
virology
mycology
parasitology
bacteriology
describe the pathogenesis of infection
when there is colonisation, a balance can develop between colonised microbes and humans to lead to so called normal flora
if the microbe causes a disease it is called an infection
what is colonisation
this is when a microbe finds a host and starts to multiply
what is an endogenous infection
this is an infection caused by a microbe that is from the patients own flora
what is an exogenous infection
this is when the source of the infection is from flora outside of the patients body
what actually is pathogenesis
this is when microbes find a host and invade cells
does normal flora cause damage
no, not unless the balance is thrown in favour of the microbe
what are primary pathogens
microbes that always cause disease in a new susceptible human
what are opportunistic pathogens
microbes that only cause disease in immunocompromised patients
what is carrier state
the continued presence of an organism in the body that does not cause symptoms, but is able to be transmitted to infect other people
does colonisation mean there is disease
no there is no disease causing in colonisation
what is normal flora
the presence of bacteria normally found at specific body sites
what is infection
invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication or antigen antibody response
what is koch’s postulates
the germ theory of disease that argues the microbe must be present in every case of the disease
the microbe must be isolated from the disease host and grown in pure culture
the disease must be reproduced when a pure culture is introduced into a susceptible host
the microbe must be recovered from an experimentally infected host
