Bacterial infections of dogs and cats Flashcards
Name some examples of bacterial infections in dogs
- Salmonella
- Campylobacter
- E.coli
- Leptospirosis
- Borrelia
Is salmonella gram negative or positive?
Negative
How is salmonella transmitted?
Ingestion of contaminated (raw) food, water or fomites (contaminated by infected faeces)
Direct contact with an infected animal or human
What are the clinical signs of a salmonella infection?
Pyrexia Anorexia Vomiting Diarrhoea Abdominal pain Abortion
How can salmonella be diagnosed and treated?
- Isolation from faeces, infected dogs shed for 4-6 weeks
- Required bacterial therapy
- Do not use antibacterials
Which seemingly pathogenic bacteria is a part of the normal gut flora?
E.coli
How is Leptospirosis generally transmitted?
Urine
Describe the pathogenesis of Leptospirosis
- Direct or indirect contact with urine of infected animals
- Penetrates mucus membranes
- Spreads to tissues: kidney, liver, spleen
What are the clinical signs of a Leptospirosis infection?
- Pyrexia
- Vomiting
- Haemorrhage
- Jaundice
- PUPD
How can Leptospirosis be treated?
- Supportive: fluid therapy
- Penicillin: clears bacteraemia
- Tetracycline
Is there a vaccine for Leptospirosis?
Yes
What is the bacteria that causes Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
How is Lyme disease transmitted?
Ticks
Is Staphylococcus gram positive or negative?
Positive
What is the single most effective control for Staphylococcus bacteria?
Hand hygiene
What is the treatment for Staphylococcus?
- Topical therapy: Chlorhexidine
- Systemic antibiotics
What are the BVSA guidelines to stop the spread of MRSA?
- Hand hygiene
- Gloves/aprons
- Cover wounds
- Isolation
- Rational use of antibiotics
- Aseptic technique
Give an example of a bacteria species of a mycobacteria
Tuberculosis
Describe the pathogenesis of Feline infectious anaemia
Adheres to erythrocytes, causing damage to the membranes and removal of RBCs in the liver and spleen
How is Feline infectious anaemia transmitted?
Fleas
From queen to kittens
What are the clinical signs of Feline infectious anaemia?
Anaemia - pale mm, tachypnoea, dyspnoea
Pyrexia
Jaundice
What will the haematology show if an animal has feline infectious anaemia?
Regenerative anaemia: polychromasia (high number of juvenile RBCs), nucleated RBC
Which bacteria causes cat scratch disease?
Bartonella henselae
