Bacterial Foodborne Disease Flashcards
Intoxication
Do not colonize the intestinal tract
Replicate in food
Produce toxins in food
Infection
Colonize the GI tract
What are the two ways Bacterial toxins are names?
Type
Target tissue
What bacteria produce exotoxins?
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium botulinum (produces a neurotoxin)
Clostridium perfringens
What bacteria produces endotoxins?
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella spp.
Escherichia coli
Vibrio cholera
What is the reservoir for Staphylococcus aureus?
Skin and nose of healthy people
What is the transmission for Staphylococcus aureus?
Contaminated food
What are the clinical signs of Staphylococcus aureus?
Vomiting
diarrhea
cramping
How do you prevent Staphylococcus aureus?
Proper food hygiene
Proper food storage
What is the reservoir for Bacillus cereus?
Soil
What is the transmission for Bacillus cereus?
Contaminated food
What are the clinical signs for Bacillus cereus?
Enteric form: Vomiting and Nausea
Diarrhea form: Diarrhea and cramping
How do you prevent Bacillus cereus infection?
Proper food hygiene
Proper food storage
What is the reservoir for Clostridium botulinum?
Soil
Intestinal tracts of Fish and mammals, shellfish, Honey
What is the transmission of Clostridium botulinum?
Food contaminated with spores
What are the clinical signs for Clostridium botulinum?
Flaccid Paralysis
How do you prevent Clostridium botulinum?
Avoid contamination of food
Don’t feed honey to very young children
Proper preparation of food
What is the reservoir of Clostridium perfringens?
Soil
Intestinal tract of people and animals
What is the transmission of Clostridium perfringens?
Food contaminated at production, processing and preparation
What are the clinical signs of Clostridium perfringens?
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
How do you prevent Clostridium perfringens?
Proper food processing and perparation
What is the reservoir of Campylobacter jejuni?
Normal flora of the intestines of many bird species or mammals
What is the transmission of Campylobacter jejuni?
Contaminated food or water
Direct contact with farm animals
How do you prevent Campylobacter jejuni?
Reduce infection in bird before slaughter
Meat Hygiene
Pasteurization of milk
Proper handling and cooking of meat
What is the reservoir of Salmonella spp.
GI flora in many species
Skin flora of reptiles
What is the transmission of Salmonella spp.
Contaminated foods
How do you prevent Salmonella infection?
Reduce level of colonization of animals Meat Hygiene Pasteurization of Milk Proper handling of food No Cross contamination Cook food properly
What is Salmonella enteritidis associated with?
Eating raw or undercooked eggs
What is the reservoir for E. Coli?
GI tract of mammals
What is the transmission of E. Coli?
Contaminated food
Carcasses contaminated in the plant
Unpasteurized milk
Veggies contaminated with water
How do you prevent E. coli infection?
Reduce colonization in animals Vaccination of cattle Proper handling of manure Meat hygiene Pasteurization of milk Prevent food contamination
What is the reservoir for Vibrio cholerae?
Brackish rivers and coastal waters
What is the transmission for Vibrio Cholerae?
Contaminated Water!!
What are the clinical signs for Vibrio Cholerae?
Watery diarrhea
How do you prevent Vibrio Cholerae?
Sanitation
Sewage management
Proper food handling and preparation
What is the reservoir for Listeria Monocytogenes?
Soil
Water
Animals
How is Listeria transmitted?
Contaminated food
What are the clinical signs for Listeria?
Mild food poisoning flu like symptoms
Septicemia
meningitis
Abortions
How do you prevent Listeria?
Meat Hygiene
Pasteurize Milk
Proper food preparation
