Bacterial and fungal vaccines

Question 1

What is an attenuated vaccine

Answer 1

Where the organisms is still live but the virulence has been reduced

Question 2

What cell produces an important response in an attenuated vaccine

Answer 2

T cells- turning into active killer T cells (CD8)

Question 3

What happened to the pathogen in an inactivated vaccine

Answer 3

Whole microorganism destroyed by heat, chemicals, radiation or antibiotics

Question 4

Example of inactivated vaccines

Answer 4

Influenza, cholera, polio

Question 5

Examples of attenuated vaccines

Answer 5

Measles, mumps, rubella, yellow fever

Question 6

Example of toxoid vaccines

Answer 6

Tetanus, diphtheria

Question 7

What is a subunit vaccine

Answer 7

• Protein component of the microorganisms or synthetic virus like particles.
• Lacking viral genetic material and unable to replicate

Question 8

Examples of subunit vaccine

Answer 8

Hepatitis B, HPV

Question 9

What is a conjugate vaccine

Answer 9

Poorly immunogenic antigens paired with Subunit
a protein that is highly immunogenic
(adjuvant)

Question 10

Example of conjugate vaccine

Answer 10

Haemophilus influenzae type B

Question 11

What are Heterotypic Vaccines

Answer 11

Pathogens that infect other animals but do not cause disease or cause mild disease in humans

Question 12

Example of Heterotypic Vaccines

Answer 12

BCG

Question 13

What is a Viral vectored vaccines

Answer 13

Use a modified virus (e.g. adenovirus) to deliver genetic code for an antigen.

Question 14

Example of Viral vectored vaccines

Answer 14

• Ebola

* Janssen and AZ COVID vaccines

Question 15

What are Nucleic acid vaccines

Answer 15

Use DNA/RNA from the pathogen.

Question 16

Example of Nucleic acid vaccines

Answer 16

• Pfizer and Moderna COVID vaccines