Back Angiology and Neurology

Question 1

Vertebral artery

Answer 1

passes through the transverse foramina and across the posterior arch of atlas (groove); present in suboccipital

Question 2

Anterior spinal artery

Answer 2

one on the front of spinal cord; come from vertebral artery

Question 3

Posterior spinal arteries

Answer 3

two on back of spinal cord; come from vertebral artery

Question 4

Transverse cervical artery

Answer 4

comes from subclavian and supplies trapezius muscle

Question 5

Dorsal scapular artery

Answer 5

from subclavian supplies layer 2 muscles (rhomboids and levator scapulae)

Question 6

Thoracodorsal artery

Answer 6

from axillary then subscapular; supplies latissimus dorsi

Question 7

Spinal branch

Answer 7

travels into vertebral canal by going through intervertebral foramen

Question 8

segmental medullary artery

Answer 8

artery makes it all the way to spinal artery from branch

Question 9

radicular artery

Answer 9

artery does not make it all the way to spinal artery

Question 10

8 arteries making up paraspinal arteries

Answer 10

vertebral, ascending cervical, deep cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar, iliolumbar, and lateral sacral

Question 11

internal vertebral venous plexus

Answer 11

inside vertebral canal

Question 12

external vertebral venous plexus

Answer 12

outside vertebral canal

Question 13

Nerves in cervical spine

Answer 13

8; one above atlas

Question 14

Nerve enlargements

Answer 14

cervical and lumbosacral

Question 15

medullary cone

Answer 15

bottom of spinal cord; caudal equina after that (horses tail)

Question 16

Spinal Meninge layers

Answer 16

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and Pia mater

Question 17

Epidural space

Answer 17

upon dura mater, fat filled

Question 18

Dura-arachnoid interface

Answer 18

should be stuck together and not have a space or will push on spinal cord

Question 19

Arachnid trabeculae

Answer 19

gives structure to sub-arachnoid space between arachnoid and Pia; cerebrospinal fluid circulates here

Question 20

Pia mater

Answer 20

stuck directly to the neural tissue; some spots it stretches out and contacts the inside of the arachnoid mater at denticulate ligament

Question 21

Lumbar cistern

Answer 21

area near medullary cone where there is a swelling of subarachnoid space; where CSF tends to pool

Question 22

Filum terminale Internum

Answer 22

just Pia mater extending down to bottom of lumbar cistern inside the dural sac

Question 23

Filum Terminale Externum

Answer 23

Pia mater adds dura mater to become filum terminale externum below internum

Question 24

Spinal cord segments (posterior and anterior)

Answer 24

rootlets come together to form a root; associated with the posterior only root is a spinal ganglion; spinal nerve passes through intervertebral foramen and immediately splits into anterior and posterior rami

Question 25

anterior ramus

Answer 25

does most of the work; feeds into plexuses; not the spinal nerve

Question 26

posterior ramus

Answer 26

innervates all intrinsic posterior back muscles

Question 27

Posterior ramus of C1 nerve

Answer 27

Suboccipital nerve; innervates suboccipital muscles

Question 28

Posterior ramus of C2 nerve

Answer 28

greater occipital nerve; comes out below obliquus captious inferior and moves up

Question 29

Posterior ramus of C3 nerve

Answer 29

Least occipital nerve

Question 30

Superior and Middle Cluneal nerves

Answer 30

posterior rami lower